【人教版】2020届高考英语一轮复习练习 必修4 1 Unit1知能演练轻松闯关 含答案.doc

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1、阅读理解A(2018·吉林长春七校高三第一次联考)JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasanadvocateforscientificandsocialrecognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,GoldbergerwasaskedbyU．S.SurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaskindiseasethatwaskillingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thed

2、iseasewaspellagra(糙皮病)．GoldbergertraveledtothestateofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.Hestudiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.Hereceivedpermissionfromthestategove

3、rnortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereofferedpardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,mostlycornproducts.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot.ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger’si

4、dea.FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyamedicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected(注射)withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Healsotookliquidfromthenoseandthroatofapellagrapatientandputthemintohisownnoseandthroat.Heevenswallowedpillsthatcontainedskinf

5、rompellagrapatients.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiments.SodidGoldberger’swife.Noneofthemgotsick.JosephGoldbergerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfiftyfiveyearsold.Severalyearslater,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra：alackofvitaminB3knownasniacin.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文.文章介绍了美国医生JosephGoldberger研究

6、糙皮病的患病原因的过程.JosephGoldberger医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动.1．WhowereeasytargetsofpellagraaccordingtoGoldberger?A．PeopleinAmerica.B．Peopleputintoprison.C．Peoplehavingapoordiet.D．Peopletouchingpellagrapatients.C　解析：细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife...thediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinstea

7、drelatedtofood.”，再结合Goldberger在监狱进行的实验的内容可知，在JosephGoldberger看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病.2．WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebytheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph4?A．Pellagrawasn’tsoterrible.B．Pellagrad