B7U4语法定语从句复习.ppt

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1、定语从句复习1英语中哪些词或短语能做定语？2定语的位置？Ilikehardworkingstudents.Thesecondmanwasout.Thebookonthedeskisanovel.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillrain.Theymustfinishtheirhomework.Theboypunishedyesterday/Thepunishedboyisatallone.ThemanupstairsisleavingforShantoutomorrow.Themansleepingth

2、ere/Thesleepingmanisfromthesouth.Thehousesthathavebeensoldoutmustbethebetterones.ThemantowritetheletterisTom.Ilikehardworkingstudents.Thebookonthedeskisanovel.Thehousesthathavebeensoldoutmustbethebetterones.定语的位置：单个的词作定语通常放在被修饰词的面，副词、短语、从句位于被修饰词的面。什么词可作定语：adj.,n,数词

3、，代词，介短，ing，ed，todo，副词，定语从句前后一、定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Themanwholivesnexttousisalawyer.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有:who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词:where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分二、用法1、关系代词引导的定语从句1）who(主格),whom（宾格）,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：a)他就是我昨天见到的

4、那个人。①Heistheman.②Isawhimyesterday.HeisthemanwhomIsawyesterday.b)你认识站在那边的那个人吗？①Doyouknowtheman?②Heisstandingoverthere.Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?（）（）2）whose用来指人或物。例如：a)小明，他的父亲是工程师，是我们班级里最好的学生。（）①XiaoMingisthebeststudentinourclass.②Hisfatherisanengineer.Xi

5、aoMingwhosefatherisanengineeristhebeststudentinourclass.注意：定语从句应紧跟在先行词的后面（即定语从句所修饰的词）3）which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：a)这是我们去年参观的工厂。（）①Thisisthefactory.②Wevisiteditlastyear.Thisisthefactorywhich/thatwevisitedlastyear.可以省略说明：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。b)这是去年建造的工

6、厂。（）①Thisisthefactory.②Itwasbuiltlastyear.Thisisthefactorywhich/thatwasbuiltlastyear.不可以省略2、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。例如：a)我仍然记得我参军的那一天。（）①Istillremembertheday.②OnthatdayIjoinedthearmy.Is

7、tillrememberthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.或IstillrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.b)这就是我们去年住的房屋。（）①Thisisthehouse.②Welivedinitlastyear.Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.或Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.或Thisisthehousewhichwelivedinlastyear.c)你知道他迟到的原因吗？（）①Doyou

8、knowthereason?②Hewaslateforthatreason.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?或Doyouknowthereasonforwhichhewaslate?2）当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并非就用when,where,why来引导