高中英语 Unit1 Building the future文化背景 牛津译林版选修10.doc

《高中英语 Unit1 Building the future文化背景 牛津译林版选修10.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Unit1Buildingthefuture文化背景35mmfilm35mmfilmisthebasicfilmgaugemostcommonlyusedforbothstillphotographyandmotionpictures,andremainsrelativelyunchangedsinceitsintroductionin1892byWilliamDicksonandThomasEdison,usingfilmstocksuppliedbyGeorgeEastman.Thephotographicfilmiscu

2、tintostrips35 millimeters(about13/8inches)wide—hencethename.Thestandardnegativepulldownformovies("single-frame"format)isfourperforationsperframealongbothedges,whichmakesforexactly16framesperfoot(forstills,thestandardframeiseightperforations).Awidevarietyoflargelypro

3、prietarygaugeswereusedbythenumerouscameraandprojectionsystemsinventedindependentlyinthelate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury,rangingfrom13 mmto75 mm(0.51–2.95 in).35 mmwaseventuallyrecognizedastheinternationalstandardgaugein1909,andhasremainedbyfarthedominantfilmgaugef

4、orimageoriginationandprojectiondespitethreatsfromsmallerandlargergauges,andfromnovelformats,becauseitssizeallowsforarelativelygoodtradeoffbetweenthecostofthefilmstockandthequalityoftheimagescaptured.Theubiquityof35 mmmovieprojectorsincommercialmovietheatersmakesitth

5、eonlymotionpictureformat,filmorvideo,thatcanbeplayedinalmostanycinemaintheworld.Thegaugeisremarkablyversatileinapplication.Inthepastonehundredyears,ithasbeenmodifiedtoincludesound,redesignedtocreateasaferfilmbase,formulatedtocapturecolor,hasaccommodatedabevyofwidesc

6、reenformats,andhasincorporateddigitalsounddataintonearlyallofitsnon-frameareas.Sincethebeginningofthe21stcentury,EastmanKodakandFujifilmhaveheldaduopolyinthemanufactureof35 mmmotionpicturefilm.