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1、写作总论一、写作三步骤：①简要描绘图画直观内容(可用图画中人物的对话或文字提示；不用发散和深挖)；②阐明观点并深层探讨(探讨导致现象的原因以及该现象可能导致的后果等，可倒举现象，结合数字，引用名言等)；③总结陈述观点并给出合理建议(对全文进行观点总结，给出自己的观点——评价，意见或建议)。二、高分要领：①避免愚蠢的错误②(开头、结尾和段落首句)藏“亮点”：观点鲜明的开头紧扣主题的结尾由主题句引导的衔接自然的中间段落(三段式)使用较高级的词汇和语法结构书写优雅美观(避免缩写)三、四级作文中可能出现的题目：①议论文结构——社会热点②大学生生活、学习、理想等四、具体步骤：审题(5
2、min)——写作(20min)——检查(5min)[检查：①拼写②主谓一致，单复数③时态—过去、现在、将来]表变化的词汇1.增加、上升、提高动词：increase,climb,rise,grow,ascend,escalate名词：increase,rise,climb,growth,escalation词组：goup,beontheincrease,beontherise,mountup2.猛增、剧增动词：soar,leap,jump,skyrocket,surge,explode,mushroom名词：leap,jump,surge,explosion3.减少、下降动词
3、：decrease,fall,drop,decline,reduce,descend,slide名词：decrease,fall,drop,decline,reduction词组：godown,dropoff,falloff,beonthedecline,onthedecrease4.暴跌动词：slump,dive5.达到顶点动词：peak,crest,top名词：peak,top,summit,zenith词组：reachthetop/highestpoint;reachapeakof..,reachthemaximum6.到达最低点动词：bottom名词：bottom,
4、rockbottom词组：reachthebottom,reachthelowestpoint,reachtheminimum,bottomout7.波动动词：vary,wave,fluctuate名词：variation,fluctuation词组：goupanddown8.持平，稳定在一个水平上动词：remain,keep,stay,maintain,stabilize形容词：stable,steady,unchanged词组：leveloffat,leveloutat,stabilizeat,remain/keep/stay+steady/unchanged/stab
5、le/constant9.包含、包括、由...组成动词：include,comprise短语：consistof,bemadeupof,becomposedof10.组成动词：composed,constitute,comprise词组：makeup11.幅度大地、剧烈地、明显地、显著地副词：dramatically,clearly,sharply,rapidly,greatly,considerably,significantly,steeply,enormously,drastically,hugely,substantially12.幅度小的形容词：modest,mo
6、derate,slight13.大约、大概副词：about,around,approximate,roughly,nearly14.分别副词：respectively15.占...（百分比，比例）accountforabig/large/significant/great/majorportionof...accountforatinny/small/minorpercentageof...16.表示类比副词：similarly,likewise17.表示比较incontrast(with),bycontrast(with),onthecontrary,comparedwi
7、th...,while,whereas,incomparison(to)18.表示"倍数"①...times+形容词/副词的比较级+than...②...times+as+形容词/副词的原级+as...③...times+the+名词(如：size,height,weight,length,width等)+of④times+more+名词+than⑤times+asmany（或much）+名词+as⑥...by+...times19.分数onehalf,twothirds,threefourths,threequa
