高中语法―被动语态详解.doc

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1、被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(activevoice)和被动语态(passivevoice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成 被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 A.十种常见时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时 主动语态：do 被动语态：am/is/aredone Weclea

2、ntheclassroomeveryday.我们每天打扫教室。 Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.教室每天都由我们打扫。  Suchsongsareusuallysungbygirls.这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。  Russianisnottaughtinourschool.我们学校不教俄语。  Aremanygoodsshippedabroadeveryday每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 2.一般过去时 主动语态：did 被动语态：was/weredone Wecleanedthecl

3、assroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。 Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。  Thewindowwasbrokenbymyson.窗子是我儿子打破的。  Weremanytreesplantedonthehillyesterday昨天山上种了许多树吗？  Howmuchmoneywasstoleninall一共被偷了多少钱？ 3.一般将来时 主动语态：will/shalldo 被动语态：will/shallbedone Wewillcleant

4、heclassroomsoon.我们很快要打扫教室。 Theclassroomwillbecleanedsoon.教室很快要被打扫了。  Theworkwillbedoneimmediately.这工作将马上做。   Willtheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnextweek？校运动会将在下星期举行吗？  WhenshallwebegivenalectureontheInternet什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？ 4.一般过去将来时 主动语态：woulddo 被动语态：wouldbedone 

5、Wetoldhimthatwewouldcleantheclassroomsoon.我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。 Wetoldhimthattheclassroomwouldbecleanedsoon.我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。  Hesaidthatanewtradecenterwouldbebuiltinthecentreofthecity.他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。  Sheaskedwhethertheirplanwouldbeconsideredwithgreatcare.她问他们的计划会

6、不会得到仔细的考虑。  Iwasn'ttoldthatIshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。 5.现在进行时 主动语态：am/is/aredoing 被动语态：am/is/arebeingdone Wearecleaningtheclassroomnow.我们现在正在打扫教室。 Theclassroomisbeingcleanednow.教室现在正在被打扫。  Ahospitalisbeingbuiltinthecentreofthetown.镇中心正在兴建一家医院。  Ar

7、ethebabiesbeingtakencareofbythisnurse这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？  Howisthenewteachingmethodbeingtriedthere那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的？ 6.过去进行时 主动语态：was/weredoing 被动语态：was/werebeingdone Wewerecleaningtheclassroomthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。 Theclassroomwasbeingcleanedthistimeyesterda

8、y.昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫  Theteachingplanwasbeingdiscussedatthattime.那时正在讨论教学计划。  WastheTVsetbeingfixedthistimeyesterday昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗？  Thehousewasbeingpaintedwhenwearriveda