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1、POLICYBRIEFINSICKNESSANDINHEALTH:EUROPEANCOOPERATIONDURINGTHECORONAVIRUSCRISISPawelZerkaJuly2020SUMMARYECFRresearchintohowEUmemberstatesandinstitutionsworkedtogether–orfailedto–attheheightofcovid-19confirmsGermanywasthebloc’sundisputedcrisisleader.Germanymadeashakys
2、tartinshowingsolidarityonthepandemic,butregainedothermemberstates’trustonthehealthandeconomyfronts.TheNetherlands,however,paidareputationalpriceastheleading‘frugal’stateopposinggreaterfinancialburden-sharing.EUinstitutionswonfewplauditsbutpolicymakersstilllooktoitfo
3、rpost-crisiseconomicleadership.Franceemergedattheheadofastrengthened‘southern’groupingofmemberstates,whiletheVisegradplatformwasinvisibleduringthiscrisis.ItwillfalltoGermanyandFrancetoclosethenorth-southdivide,buildingcoalitionsonmajorpolicies.Buttheyshouldnotforget
4、thatclosingtheeast-westdivideremainsanimportantgoal.IntroductionThisstrangesummerwillstartlate.Europe’spolicymakerscannotyethit‘outofoffice’andclosetheirlaptops–theystillneedtoattendatleastonemoreEuropeanUnionsummitonthepost-covid-19recoveryfund.Astheyprepare,theysh
5、ouldtakealongbreathandreflectonwhathasworkedwell,andwhathasnot,overthepastcoupleofmonths.Thiswillhelpthemunderstandwhattheyareinfor.TheyalreadyknowthatthecoronaviruscrisishasbeenamomentofprofoundtraumaforEuropeancitizens,astheEuropeanCouncilonForeignRelationsdocumen
6、tsinarecentreportdrawingonaspeciallycommissionedpublicopinionsurveyinnineEUcountries.However,asarguedinanotherECFRreport,thecrisishasnotledtoeitherapopulistrevivalorare-evaluationofEuropeanfederalism.Asthepandemicspread,Europeansolidaritywassometimeslateinarriving,o
7、rturnedouttobemereself-interestindisguise.But,usually,Europeansolidaritywasareality,andoftenstronglyso:byearlyJuly,ECFR’sEuropeanSolidarityTrackerhadrecordedover400instancesofsolidaritybetweenEUmemberstates.Still,arepolicyprofessionalssatisfiedwiththeroletheyhavepla
8、yed–oneitherthenationalorEuropeanlevel?Thispaperanalysestheimpactofthecoronaviruscrisisoncooperationpatternsamonggovernmentsofthe27EUmembe
