材料概论复习重点.doc

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1、复合材料：compositematerials连锁反应：H-reaction体心立方堆积：body-centeredcubic面心立方堆积：face-centeredcubic六方最密堆积：hexagonalclose-packed晶体结构：crystalstructure无机非金属材料：inorganicnonmentalmaterials陶瓷材料：ceramicmaterials传统陶瓷：traditionalmaterials先进玻璃：advancedglass水泥：cement高分子材料：polymermaterials分

2、类：sort金属键:mentalbond材料的分类：classificationofmaterial成分：composition化学键：chemicalbond合成：censisis晶格：crystallettice简单立方晶格：simplecubiclettice原子键：atomicbond共价键：covalentbond铝：aluminium水泥的水化：hydrationofcement铜：cooper银：silver金：gold镁：magnesium钛：titanium磷：phosphorus钾：potassium铅：lea

3、d铁基材料：ferrousmaterials有机非金属：plassitic白口铁：灰口铁：合金：二、简答：1.Whatiscementmaterials?Thematerialswhichcanbindtheotherparticleorfibremattersbyphysicalorchemicaleffecttohardmassarecalledcement.2.whatisinorganicnonmetalmaterials?Inorganicnonmentalmaterialsaremadeupofinorganiccom

4、poundswhichincludeonlynonmetalelements(notincludeC-H-Ochain)ormetalandnonmentalelements.3.Whatarethecharacteristicofmaterials?①.havecertaincompositions②Canbeprocessed③Withcertainshapeandcolor4.Pleaseclassifythepolymermaterials.Thepolymermaterialscanbeclassifiedbymanyw

5、ays:firstly,theycanbesortedbysourceandsecond,theycanbesortedbythetypeofchain,andthirdly,theycanbesortedbythetheirproperties.Themainclassmethodsarelistedbelow:Source:NaturepolymerSemi-naturepolymerManmadepolymerChain:CarbonchainMixedchainElementorganic5.whataredecisice

6、factorofmaterialsproperties?AtonicstructureNatureofchemicalbondAtonicorderingMicrostructure6.TosortmaterialsClassbysource:Naturematerialandman-madematerial.Classbyphysicandchemicalfunction:Inorganicnonmetalmaterials,metalmaterials,polymermaterialsandcompositematerials

7、Classbyusingfunction:structureandfunctionClassbypurpose:electric,biologicmedicalmaterialsOtherclass:newandoldmaterials7.CeramicprocessingTherawmaterialshavetogothroughamillingorgrindingoperationinwhichparticlesizeisreduceAndthen,thepowdersmustbethoroughlymixedwithwate

8、randperhapsotheringredientstogiveflowcharacteristicsthatarecompatiblewiththeparticularformingtechniqueTheformedpicemustgothr