英文应用光学课件.ppt

《英文应用光学课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Chapter1BasicPrinciplesofGeometricalOpticsProblemstobesolved:Whatislight?－－Thenatureoflight1Howthelighttraveling?－－Thelawsoflightpropagation2Imageandconceptofimaging3Therequirementsforimaging41.1WaveandraysSignificanceofstudyinglight90%informationisachieved

2、byvisualsense,lightwaveisthecarrierofvisualsense.Opticsisascienceoflightandvision.Sincelightisverycloselyrelatedtoourlife,peoplestartedtostudyitlongtimeago.Processoflightcognition:Elasticcorpuscles－Elasticwaves－Electromagneticwaves－Wave-particleduality1.1Wa

3、veandraysWhatislight?ThisprocessisdevelopedfollowingthedevelopmentofopticsstudyIn1666:Newtonfirstpostulatedthecorpusculartheory，elasticcorpusclesIn1678:Huygensputforwardthewavetheory,elasticwavespropagatingin“ether”In1873:Maxwellshowedthatlightisinfactanele

4、ctromagneticwaves,provedbyHertz’sexperimentIn1905:Einsteinproposedthehypothesisof“photon”andexplainthephotoelectriceffectIn20century：lightisconsideredtobeakindofmatterwithwave-particledualityDevelopmenthistoryofopticsstudyGenerally,lightcanbeconsideredasele

5、ctromagneticwaves.Lightpropagationisindeedakindofwavepropagation.1.1WaveandraysWhatislight?wavelengths:λ1.1WaveandraysThedifferencebetweenlightwaveandotherelectromagneticwavesisthattheyhavedifferentwavelengths.Visiblelight:Wavelengthsbetween400nmand760nmInf

6、rared:wavelengthsislongerthanvisiblelightUltraviolet:wavelengthsisshorterthanvisiblelight1.1WaveandraysVisiblelight:400-760nmMonochromaticlight:LightofasinglewavelengthPolychromaticlight:lightcomposedoflightwavesofdifferentwavelengths1.1WaveandraysTherelati

7、onamongthespeed,thefrequencyandwavelengthcanbeexpressedasIntransparentmedia,thewavelengthandspeedofthelightchange,butitsfrequencyisconstant.1.1WaveandraysThepropagationspeedofdifferentwavelengthsinvacuumisthesame,Sincelightisakindofelectromagneticwaves,itsp

8、ropagationisakindofwave’spropagation;Theproblemofwave’spropagationisalwaysverycomplex,soweadoptasimplifiedmethodinwhichwecanstudythelawsandphenomenaoflightpropagationinageometricalway.Andthismethodhasb