英语翻译理论课件.ppt

英语翻译理论课件.ppt

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1、Chapter3DictionInordertomakeanaccurateandsmoothtranslation,atranslatorshouldconsiderhowtofindawordorwordsbywhichtheoriginalideamaybemostaptlyexpressed.Diction,thechoiceofwordsandphrasestoexpressmeaning,isthereforeoneofthebasictechniques.Themeaningofawordisitsuseinthelanguage,n

2、otonlyitsdefinitionsinthedictionary.Adictionarydoesnotrequireaparticularsenseofawordbutrecordstheusesthathavebeenfoundforit.Nowandthenawordisintheprocessofacquiringanewsense.Thedictionarydefinitionisforthemostpartarecordofthedenotationofawordandoftencannotgiveitsconnotation.Wo

3、rdsdonothavemeanings;peoplehavemeaningsforwords.Eachwordwhenusedinanewcontextisanewword.Beginnersoftenrigidlyadheretotheverbalconsistencyofwordsintwolanguages,whileneglectingtheircontextualconsistency.Careshouldthereforebetakenintranslatingtodeterminefromthecontexttheexactshad

4、eofmeaningofawordandthechoiceofanappropriateonetoexpressthemeaninginthetargetversion.3.1ChoiceofAffectiveMeaningsAffectivemeaningreferstowhatiscommunicatedofthefeelingsandattitudesofthewritertowardsthereader.Youmayaddresssomebodyasan“idiot”toconveyyourdespise,ordescribesomethi

5、ngas“marvelous”toexpressyourpositiveevaluation.Therearebasicallythreetypesofaffectivemeanings:positive,neutral,andderogatory.PositiveNeutralDerogatoryportly(发福的)overweight(超重的)obese(臃肿的)slender,slim(苗条的)underweight(体重不够的)skinny(瘦削的)senior,elder(长者)oldman/woman(老人)fossil(老朽)Som

6、ewordswhenusedindifferentcontextsmayhavedifferentaffectivemeanings.Intranslating,itissignificanttodeterminetheimplicationsofthesewordsaccordingtothecontext.WordsPositiveNeutralDerogatorydeath仙逝,长眠死,死亡一命呜呼,见鬼result成果结果后果ambition雄心,抱负志向,强烈欲望野心scheme计划,规划,方案阴谋,诡计,计谋collaborate合作,

7、协作与敌勾结,通敌Stillmoreimportanttotranslationisthefactthattheaffectivemeaningsofsomewordsareculture-bound.Thatis,becauseofthedifferencesbetweenthetwocultures,awordiscommendatoryinEnglish,butitsequivalentinChineseisderogatory,orviceversa,hencethenecessitytomakecertainchangesintransl

8、ation.1.individualism:①feelingorbehaviourofapersonwholikestod

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