资源描述:
《英语翻译理论课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Chapter3DictionInordertomakeanaccurateandsmoothtranslation,atranslatorshouldconsiderhowtofindawordorwordsbywhichtheoriginalideamaybemostaptlyexpressed.Diction,thechoiceofwordsandphrasestoexpressmeaning,isthereforeoneofthebasictechniques.Themeaningofawordisitsuseinthelanguage,n
2、otonlyitsdefinitionsinthedictionary.Adictionarydoesnotrequireaparticularsenseofawordbutrecordstheusesthathavebeenfoundforit.Nowandthenawordisintheprocessofacquiringanewsense.Thedictionarydefinitionisforthemostpartarecordofthedenotationofawordandoftencannotgiveitsconnotation.Wo
3、rdsdonothavemeanings;peoplehavemeaningsforwords.Eachwordwhenusedinanewcontextisanewword.Beginnersoftenrigidlyadheretotheverbalconsistencyofwordsintwolanguages,whileneglectingtheircontextualconsistency.Careshouldthereforebetakenintranslatingtodeterminefromthecontexttheexactshad
4、eofmeaningofawordandthechoiceofanappropriateonetoexpressthemeaninginthetargetversion.3.1ChoiceofAffectiveMeaningsAffectivemeaningreferstowhatiscommunicatedofthefeelingsandattitudesofthewritertowardsthereader.Youmayaddresssomebodyasan“idiot”toconveyyourdespise,ordescribesomethi
5、ngas“marvelous”toexpressyourpositiveevaluation.Therearebasicallythreetypesofaffectivemeanings:positive,neutral,andderogatory.PositiveNeutralDerogatoryportly(发福的)overweight(超重的)obese(臃肿的)slender,slim(苗条的)underweight(体重不够的)skinny(瘦削的)senior,elder(长者)oldman/woman(老人)fossil(老朽)Som
6、ewordswhenusedindifferentcontextsmayhavedifferentaffectivemeanings.Intranslating,itissignificanttodeterminetheimplicationsofthesewordsaccordingtothecontext.WordsPositiveNeutralDerogatorydeath仙逝,长眠死,死亡一命呜呼,见鬼result成果结果后果ambition雄心,抱负志向,强烈欲望野心scheme计划,规划,方案阴谋,诡计,计谋collaborate合作,
7、协作与敌勾结,通敌Stillmoreimportanttotranslationisthefactthattheaffectivemeaningsofsomewordsareculture-bound.Thatis,becauseofthedifferencesbetweenthetwocultures,awordiscommendatoryinEnglish,butitsequivalentinChineseisderogatory,orviceversa,hencethenecessitytomakecertainchangesintransl
8、ation.1.individualism:①feelingorbehaviourofapersonwholikestod