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1、GrammarandusageUnit1★To-infinitive★bareinfinitive★verb-ingformasanoun.I.To-infinitiveReviewthebasicsentenceelements.IwaswatchinganEnglishprogrammerat8o'clockyesterday.I-----subject;waswatching-----predicate;anEnglishprogrammer----object;at8o'clockyesterday----adverbial2.Thegamesof2006Wo
2、rldCupareexciting.exciting----predicative3.Ilostmyhistorybook.history----attribute4.Hemadetheroomcleanandtidy.cleanandtidy----objectcomplementTheto-infinitivecanbeusedaloneoraspartofaninfinitivephraseandtheto-infinitivecanserveasthesubject,object,predicative,objectcomplement,attribute,o
3、radverbialofasentence.1.theto-infinitiveusedasthesubject不定式作主语eg.Toobeylawiseveryone'sduty遵纪守法是每个人的职责。Toknowoneselfisdifficult.了解自己是困难的。Totalkwithyourmouthfullisrude.满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。Itisimpossibletofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.在如此短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。ItisusefulforyoutolearnsomespokenEnglish.学
4、习一些口语对你来说是有用的。Tip:动词不定式和不定式短语做主语时,常用it做形式主语,其句型结构为:Itis+形容词或名词(或词组)+不定式短语…。这时的形容词常为easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名词或词组常为afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者,可在不定式前加一个介词for引导的短语,其句型结构为:Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式短语。如:MrWhitethinksthatit
5、isrightforrichpeopletohelppoorpeople.但如果表语是kind,nice,clever,wise,foolish,careless等描述动作执行者的性格品质的形容词时,则应在不定式前加一个of引导的短语,而不用for,句型结构为:Itis+形容词+ofsb.+不定式短语。如:It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmymath.动词不定式还可以和what,where,how,when,which等连接代词(副词)连用,在句中做主语。如:如何使用电脑是个问题。____________________isaproblem.Howt
6、ousethecomputer2.theto-infinitiveusedastheobject不定式作宾语eg.Hemanagedtosolvetheproblembyhimself.他自己设法解决了问题。Iliketoreadnewspaperarticlesaboutsports.我喜欢读一些体育方面的新闻报道。Amywantstoknowmoreaboutthefilm.安米想知道更多的关于这部电影的情况。▲(构成"V.+todo"的形式)Thefollowingwordsareusuallyfollowedbytheto-infinitiveastheobj
7、ect:want,hope,wish,like,begin,start,agree,learn,promise,teach,refuse,help,arrange,dare,decide,determine,fail,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,continue,ask,mean,expect,choose,prefer.(2)如果不定式作宾语时,后还带有宾补,这时人们习惯用形式宾语it,将不定式宾语放在宾补后▲(构成"主语+V.+it+宾补+todosth."的形式)常见动词有:feel,think,consider,