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1、HistoryofUKHistoryofUKTheEarlySettlers(theprehistoricperiod)1.ThefirstknownsettlerofBritain:theIberians(伊比利亚人)fromMediterraneanareas.TheyinhabitedGreatBritainduringtheStone(--4000BC)andBronzeAges(4000BC—500BC).2.Atabout2000BCtheBeakerFolk毕克人arrivedfromtheareasnowknown
2、asHollandandRhineland莱茵兰（位于德国）.StonehengeNearly5,000yearsago(3000BC),StonehengewasbuiltbytheIberians.Nowitisstillstanding.Thequestion“why”itisbuiltisproblematic.3.TheCelts凯尔特人(IronAge700BC-54AD)begantoarriveBritainabout700BC. TheycamefromterritorythatisnowGermanyandNe
3、therlands. TheCeltscametoBritaininthreemainwaves.2.ThreeCelticTribesBytheendoftheBronzeAge,around700BC,CelticpeoplehadarrivedfromnorthwesternEurope,nowFrance,BelgiumandsouthernGermany.Celtsweretallinheight,blondeinhair&blueeyes,andsomewhataggressive.2.ThreeCelticTrib
4、esTheCeltictribeswereancestorsoftheHighlandScots,theIrishandtheWelsh;Theirlanguages,theCelticlanguage,arethebasisofbothWelshandGaelic.2.ThreeCelticTribesTheycametoBritaininthreemainwaves:About750B.C,thefirsttribecamefromUpperRhinelandofnorthwestEuropeandsettledontheis
5、land;Theywerethe“Gaels”(盖尔人),whoselanguageisstillspokeninScotland.2.ThreeCelticTribesAbout400B.C,thesecondgroupoftheCeltscalledBritons/Brythons(布立吞人/不列颠人)came.FromtheBritonscametheEnglishnameforBritain.About150B.C,thethirdgroup,Belgae(比利其人)camefromGaul(高卢，在今法国，比利时等地).
6、TheRomanInvasion&OccupationBetween55B.C.and54B.C,BritainwasinvadedbytheRomangeneralJuliusCaesartwicebuthefailed.In43A.D,theromantroopsof40,000menledbytheEmperorClaudiusconqueredBritain.TheyoccupiedEnglandandWalesfornearly400years.BritainbecameaprovinceofRomecalledBrit
7、annia.TheromantroopsmetstrongresistanceinScotland.Astonefortification(防御工事)wasbuiltbytheRomansalongtheEngland–Scotlandboundarytopreventmilitaryraids(攻击)fromScotland.ItistheHadrian’sWall(哈德良长城)(122AD).Hadrian’swallInfluenceofRomanConquestmarkedthebeginningofthewrittenh
8、istorybuilttowns,temples,theatersandbuildings;builtroadsandcultivatedland;BuiltthefirsthighwaysinBritainduringthefirsttofour
