句子结构和分类完整版演示教学.doc

《句子结构和分类完整版演示教学.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、句子结构和分类完整版精品文档英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解1.主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真

2、正主语）2.谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征，谓语由动词构成，分简单谓语和复合谓语。①简单谓语----简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成。WestudyEnglish.Helookedaftertwoorphans.②复合谓语----复合谓语是由“情态动词或助动词+动词”构成，“连系动词+表语”也可构成复合谓语。HecanspeakEnglishverywell./Theworkmustbedonebeforethreeo’clock.HeiswatchingTVnow../Heseemsunhappy.3.表语（pr

3、edicative）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.（名词）Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.（代词）Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）Heisasleep.（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.（不定式）Thequestioniswhethe

4、rtheywillcome（表语从句）（常见的系动词有:be,sound,look,feel，smell,taste,remain,feel,keep,stay,turn,become,get,go,come…）Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.4.宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）

5、Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除精品文档Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavem

6、eabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.5.宾补：有些及物动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，这部分内容为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhi

7、mtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）注意：①主动语态变成被动语态后，宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。Hewaselectedmonitor./Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom./Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.②若复合宾语中，宾语部分过长，此时可以用形式宾语it，而真正的宾语后移。常见的结构有：think/beli

8、eve/feel/find/consider/+it+adj./n.+todo/that从句。Ifeelitstrangethatsheshouldchangehermindatthelastminute.Imakeit