单独的语法句子成分.ppt

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1、语法复习----句子成分句子成分1.主语2.谓语3.宾语4.表语5.定语6.状语7.补语8.同位语9.插入语谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.Theplanetookoffatteno’clock.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.Hedoesn’tlikethejob.HecanspeakEnglish.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.

2、助动词have(has,had)do(does,did)shall/shouldwill/would情态动词can/couldmay/mightmusthavetooughtto…….ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.Threewereabsent.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.注意：动词原形不能作主语Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词）（代词）（数词）（不定式）（动名词）（the+adj.

3、）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.Itisnousecrying.（主语从句）（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（动名词）主语从句的判断Thathepassedtheexammademehappy.Whathesaidatthemeetingisimportant.Whyhedidn’tcomehereisunknown.Iamateacher.（名词）Isityours?（代词）Thespeechisexciting.

4、（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobbyisplayingfootball.（动名词）Themeetingisofgreatimportance.（介词短语）表语------一般位于系动词后面Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）Thequestioniswhethertheywillagreetoourplan.Theweatherturnedcold.（形容词）Hisideasoundsgood.注意：系动词（Linkingv

5、erb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。1）be动词Heisateacher.2）keep,remain,stayHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.3）seem,appear,look,feel,smell,sound,taste,Heseems(tobe)verysad.Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.4）become,grow,turnHebecamemadafterthat.宾语（Object）一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：Sheisplayingthepianonow.Theheavyrain

6、preventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.（名词）（代词、动名词）Hepretendednottoseeme.Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.I’minterestedinwhathesaidatthemeeting.Doyouknowwhobrokethewindow?（不定式短语）（宾语从句）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语)Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.Theypaintedthei

7、rboatwhite.Iaskhertohelpme.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Hehadhiscarrepaired.（形容词）（不定式短语）（现在分词）（过去分词）宾语补足语定语Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.（名词）Whatisyourname?.（代词）Ourmonitor