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1、AboutquotationinthethesisWhenwewriteanacademicpaper,wealmostalwaysneedtoborrowideas,statistics,andpreviousresearchfindingstostrengthenourownideas,toexplainourownarguments,andtosupportourownevidence.Suchpracticenotonlyfitsourresearchintothelargerpictureofaparticularfieldofresearch,butalsole
2、ndsabasisandpersuasivenesstoourarguments.DirectquotationParaphrasingSummarizingGenerallyspeaking,therearethreelegalwaysofusingoutsidesourcesandinformation:Eachofthesethreewaysisusedextensivelyinacademicresearch.Asamatteroffact,academicresearchrequiresthecombineduseofthesethreemethods.Ifare
3、searchpaperiswrittenwithoutusinganyoutsideideasorinformation,thatpapermightbeconsideredasdeficientinacademicvalue.DirectQuotation:Adirectquotationisexactlythesameastheoriginalandmustbeputinquotationmarks.Everythingwithinthequotationmarks,thatistosay,notonlythewordsbutalsothespelling,capita
4、lizationandinteriorpunctuation,shouldbeexactlythesameastheoriginal.WhentousedirectquotationsWhentheoriginalwordingexpressestheideasopreciselyandsuccinctlythatwecannotimproveonit;Whenthedirectquotationcomesfromanauthorityinaparticularfieldandthereforestrengthensourpointofview;Whenweneedtobo
5、rrowaspecialtermorexpressionthatisaparticularwriter’sinventionandcarriesspecialmeaning;Whenweneedtheoriginalwordingforthepurposeoffurtherdiscussion.Howtousedirectquotation1.Whenwedoquote,weshouldmakeeveryefforttoworkthedirectquotationintoourownstatementsothatitmaybecomepartofanorganicwhole
6、.2.Useacolonifourdirectquotationisintroducedbyacompletesentence:Sample1SinclairLewis,thefirstAmericanNobelPrizewinnerforliteraturein1930,believedthatDreiserbetterdeservedtheprize:“Dreiser…morethananyotherman,marchingalone,usuallyunappreciated,oftenhated,hasclearedthetrailfromVictorianandHo
7、wellsiantimidityandgentilityintheAmericanfictiontohonesty,boldnessandpassionoflife.”3.Treatthedirectquotationaspartofthesentenceandpunctuateaccordinglyifitisnotintroducedbyacompletesentence:Sample2ToSinclairLewis,“Dreiser…morethananyotherman,marchingalone,usua
