鼻窦炎英文版ppt课件.ppt

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1、sinusitisAnatomyofthenasalsinusesAnteriorsinus:maxillarysinusfrontalsinusanteriorethmoidalsinusTheyallopeninthemiddlemeatus.Posteriorsinus:posteriorethmoidalsinus:openinthesuperiormeatussphenoidsinus:openinsphenoethmoidalrecessoverviewSinusitishasbeendefinedasaninflammationof

2、themucousmembraneofthesinuses.twotypes-acutesinusitisandchronicsinusitis.AcutesinusitisAcuteinflammationofsinusmucosaThiscommonlyfollowsacold.Thesinusmostcommonlyinvolvedisthemaxillaryfollowedinturnbyethmoid,frontalandsphenoid.Multisinusitis:Pansinusitis:Aetiologyofsinusitisi

3、ngeneralExcitingcausesNasalinfectionSwimminganddivingTraumaDentalinfectionPredisposingcauseslocalObstructiontosinusventilationanddrainage1、nasalpacking2、deviatedseptum3、hypertrophicturbinates4、nasalpolypi5、oedemaofsinusostiaduetoallergyorvasomotorrhinitis6、benignormalignantne

4、oplasmGeneralEnvironment:atmosphericpollution,smoke,dustPoorgeneralhealthnutritionaldeficienciessystemicdisorders(diabets,immunedeficiencysyndromes)BacteriologyViralinfection------bacterialinvasionpneumococci,streptococci,H.influenzaeAnaerobicorganismsandmixedinfectionsPathol

5、ogyofsinusitisAcuteinflammationofsinusmucosacauseshyperaemia,exudationoffluid,outpouringofpolymorphonuclearcellsandincreasedactivityofserousandmucousglands.Dependingonthevirulenceoforganisms,defencesofthehostandcapabilityofthesinusostiumtodraintheexudates,thediseasemaybemild(

6、none-suppurative)orsevere(suppurative)Initially,theexudateisserous;lateritmaybecomemucopurulentorpurulent.Severeinfectionscausedestructionofmucosallining.Failureofostiumtodrainresultsinempyemaofthesinusanddestructionofitsbonywallsleadingtocomplications.Acutemaxillarysinusitis

7、AetiologyMostcommonly,itisviralrhinitiswhichspreadstoinvolvethesinusmucosa.Thisisfollowedbybacterialinvasion.Divingandswimmingincontaminatedwater.Dentalinfectionsareimportantsourceofmaxillarysinusitis.TraumaClinicalfeaturesClinicalfeaturesdependonseverityofinflammatoryprocess

8、andefficiencyofostiumtodraintheexudates.Closedostiumsinusitisisofgre