2010英语语言学1第01讲-第01章-1-语言学ppt课件.ppt

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1、1.Whatislinguistics?Definition:linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientific(systematicinvestigationofdata)study(investigate/examine)oflanguage.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledgenerallinguistics.(Daietal.1)Session1Whatislinguistics?2.Howdoyouinterpretthedefinition“Linguisticsisthesc

2、ientificstudyoflanguage”?ThestudyinvolvesalllanguagesingeneralratherthananyparticularlanguagesuchasChinese,English,orRussian.[1.12-13]Itischaracterizedbythesystematicinvestigationoflinguisticdataonthebasisofsomegeneraltheoryoflanguage.[1.13-16]Ittriestocollectandanalyzelanguagefactstodisco

3、verthenatureandrulesofthelanguagesystem.[1.16-19]Itisconductedbyforminghypothesesandtestinghypothesesalternativelyandrepeatedly.[1.20-22]Itdemonstratesitsstrengthinadialecticalcomplementationbetweendataandtheory.[2.1-4]Itgenerallyfocusesononeaspectoflanguageatatime.[2.13](Daietal.1-2)23.Wh

4、ataremajorquestionstobeinvestigatedinlinguistics?1)Basicquestionsaboutlanguage(1)Whatislanguage?(2)Howdoeslanguagework?2)Variousquestionsrelatedtolanguage(1)Whatdoalllanguageshaveincommon?(2)Whatrangeofvariationisfoundamonglanguages?(3)Whatmakeslanguagechange?(4)Towhatextentaresocialclassd

5、ifferencesreflectedinlanguage?(5)Howdoesachildacquirehismothertongue?(6)Whydopeopleusedifferentexpressionstorefertothesamething?(Daietal.1)3(6)Whydopeopleusedifferentexpressionstorefertothesamething?Whichshouldbeused?“aone-sexschool”or“asingle-sexschool”?Googlesearch:one-sexschool(1,710res

6、ults)single-sexschool(83,100results)one-sexeducation(8,830results)single-sexeducation(123,000results)“paytheirattentionto”or“paytheirattentionsto”?Googlesearch:paytheirattentionto(2,580,000results)paytheirattentionsto(39,900results)IhavenoanswerbutI’mtryingtofindsomepossibleanswers.(Daieta

7、l.1)44.Whatisthedifferencebetween“language”and“alanguage”?Languagehererefersto“thegeneralhumancapacityforverbalcommunication”(Graddol4.16),thatis,itdoesnotmeanoneparticularlanguageofacertainsocietybut‘thelanguagesofallhumansocieties’.Alanguagereferstoasystemof