外文文献和翻译.doc

外文文献和翻译.doc

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1、JavaScriptWhenIwasayoungjourneymanprogrammer,IwouldlearnabouteveryfeatureofthelanguagesIwasusing,andIwouldattempttouseallofthosefeatureswhenIwrote.Isupposeitwasawayofshowingoff,andIsupposeitworkedbecauseIwastheguyyouwenttoifyouwantedtoknowhowtouseaparticularfeat

2、ure.EventuallyIfiguredoutthatsomeofthosefeaturesweremoretroublethantheywereworth.Someofthemwerepoorlyspecified,andsoweremorelikelytocauseportabilityproblems.Someresultedincodethatwasdifficulttoreadormodify.Someinducedmetowriteinamannerthatwastootrickyanderror-pr

3、one.Andsomeofthosefeaturesweredesignerrors.Sometimeslanguagedesignersmakemistakes.Mostprogramminglanguagescontaingoodpartsandbadparts.IdiscoveredthatIcouldbeabetterprogrammerbyusingonlythegoodpartsandavoidingthebadparts.Afterall,howcanyoubuildsomethinggoodoutofb

4、adparts?Itisrarelypossibleforstandardscommitteestoremoveimperfectionsfromalanguagebecausedoingsowouldcausethebreakageofallofthebadprogramsthatdependonthosebadparts.Theyareusuallypowerlesstodoanythingexceptheapmorefeaturesontopoftheexistingpileofimperfections.And

5、thenewfeaturesdonotalwaysinteractharmoniously,thusproducingmorebadparts.Butyouhavethepowertodefineyourownsubset.Youcanwritebetterprogramsbyrelyingexclusivelyonthegoodparts.JavaScriptisalanguagewithmorethanitsshareofbadparts.Itwentfromnon-existencetoglobaladoptio

6、ninanalarminglyshortperiodoftime.Itneverhadanintervalinthelabwhenitcouldbetriedoutandpolished.ItwentstraightintoNetscapeNavigator2justasitwas,anditwasveryrough.WhenJava™appletsfailed,JavaScriptbecamethe"LanguageoftheWeb"bydefault.JavaScript'spopularityisalmostco

7、mpletelyindependentofitsqualitiesasaprogramminglanguage.Fortunately,JavaScripthassomeextraordinarilygoodparts.InJavaScript,thereisabeautiful,elegant,highlyexpressivelanguagethatisburiedunderasteamingpileofgoodintentionsandblunders.ThebestnatureofJavaScriptissoef

8、fectivelyhiddenthatformanyyearstheprevailingopinionofJavaScriptwasthatitwasanunsightly,incompetenttoy.MyintentionhereistoexposethegoodnessinJavaScript,anoutstanding,d

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