第二章-医学词汇的来源最精简培训课件.ppt

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1、ChapterTwoEtymologicalStudyofEnglishLanguageandMedicalTerms-omicsgenomicsmetabolomicsproteomicstranscriptomicslipidomicsimmunomicsglycomicsRnomicsAbenomicsLikonomicsEconomicsTwoTypesofMedicalTermsBorrowedwords,orloan-words:takenfromotherlanguageslargelybaseduponGreek,LatinandFr

2、enchvocabularyGerman,Italian,Spanishandothershavecontributedsomewordstomedicalterminology.WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishMostmedicalwordsfromoldEnglishdenote:anatomicstructuresOrgansSubstancesbasicconceptsofhumanactivitiesWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishChangesconcerningpronunciation(phon

3、ological)spelling(morphologic)meaning(semantical)WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithoutSemanticalChangesanklebackbladdereareyefoothairhandkneelipliverlungneckthroattongueachebreathfeverAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodInO.E.,speltasblodperhapsoriginal

4、lymeant“toswell,gush,spurt”or‘"thatwhichburstsout”.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodbleedinghemorrhagecerebralhemorrhage脑溢血;脑出血internalhemorrhage内出血subarachnoidhemorrhage蛛网膜下出血subduralhemorrhage硬脑膜下出血AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSem

5、anticalChangeschestchest–InO.E.,cestmeaning“box,coffer”.amedicinechest(药箱)AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestThemeaningwasextendedto“thorax”in1530andreplacedbreast,onthemetaphorthattheribsareaboxfortheorgans.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishW

6、ithSemanticalChangeschestflatchest扁平胸seeninweakpeopleorpeoplewithchronicconsumptionAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschest桶状胸barrelchestcommonlyseeninpatientwithemphysemaAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestrachiticchest[rE5

7、kitik]佝偻病胸鸡胸pigeonchestpeoplewithrachitis[rE5kaitis]AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestfunnelchest漏斗胸AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganItwasorganeinO.E.,andorgeneinO.Fr.(OldFrench),bothmeaning“musicalinstrument”.Anato

8、micwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChange