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1、Unit3Unit3Lookinggood,feelinggoodNon-restrictiveattributiveclauses&QuestiontagsGrammarandusage1.定语从句(attributiveclauses)通常由关系代词或关系副词引出。常见的关系代词有:which(指物),that(既可指人又可指物),who(指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语),whom(指人,在定语从句中作宾语),whose(指人或物,作定语)等。关系副词有:when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因)等。2.定语从句分为限制性定语从句(restrictive)和非限制
2、性定语从句(non-restrictive)两种。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,与先行词之间一般不加逗号;非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号分开。1.Mymother,whoyoumetlastyear,keepstellingmenottotakethembecausetheyaredangerous.2.I’mtakingweight-losspillscalledFat-Less,whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere.Non-restrictiveattributiveclauses:3.Mymotherinsistedonsending
3、metothehospital,whereIreceivedgoodmedicaltreatment.4.It’sthesameinChina—manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweightatall,arealwaysgoingondietortakingweight-losspills,whichareoftendangerous.Differencesbetweentherestrictiveandnon-restrictiveattributiveclauses.DiscussionLookatthefollowingexamplesandtell
4、thedifferencesbetweenthesentences.1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.Example1Conclusion1当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时,通常只用非限制性定语从句修饰。1.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinahospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐,她在医院工
5、作。Example2不只一位姐姐只有一位姐姐3.Themagazinesherewhich/thathavenicepicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。4.Themagazineshere,whichhavenicepicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.所有的杂志都是他写的,里面都有漂亮的图画。杂志有两类杂志只有一类Conclusion21.限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切,是先行词不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明确。2.非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充或说明,去掉它也不会影响主句的意思。
6、Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。2.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。Example3限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句3.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没领会我的意思,这使我心烦。非限制性定语从句Conclusion31.限制性定语从句可以由关系代词,关系副词来引导,关系代词作宾语时可以省略。2.非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,又可修饰
7、整个主句,不可用that引导且关系代词不可以省略。1.Thefamousbasketballstar,___comesfromAmerica,willvisitourschoolsoon.2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMrblack,with_____shehadawonderfultime.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,_____costmealot.whichwhomwho4.Xi’an,______Ivisit