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1、《计算机专业英语》谢希仁第二版-第7章讲义Requirements:TheoriginsoftheprogramminglanguagesTheconceptsofcomputercompilersMainpropertiesofobject-orientation掌握复杂定语从句的翻译技巧NewWords&Expressions:translatorn.翻译器，翻译程序syntaxn.语法，句法machinelanguage机器语言assemblylanguage汇编语言abbreviatev.缩短，缩写compilev.编
2、译interpretv.解释7.1IntroductiontoProgrammingLanguageAbbreviations:OOPL(object-orientedprogramminglanguage)面向对象的程序设计语言Aprogramminglanguagerepresentsaspecialvocabularyandasetofgrammaticalrulesforinstructingacomputertoperformspecifictasks.Broadlyspeaking,itconsistsofaset
3、ofstatementsorexpressionsunderstandabletobothpeopleandcomputers.7.1IntroductiontoProgrammingLanguage程序设计语言是指令计算机实现某些具体任务的一套特殊词汇和一组语法规则。从广义的角度说，它包括一组既能被人所理解又能被计算机所识别的声明和表达式。Peopleunderstandtheseinstructionsbecausetheyusehuman(Englishandmathematical)expressions.Comput
4、ers,ontheotherhand,processtheseinstructionsthroughuseofspecialprograms,which,knownastranslators,decodetheinstructionsfrompeopleandcreatemachine-languagecoding.为人们所能理解是因为它们使用的是人类的（英文和数学的）表达方式。另一方面，计算机通过使用专门的程序来处理这些指令，这些专门的程序就是我们所熟知的翻译程序，它能解码我们发出的指令并生成机器语言代码。7.1Introd
5、uctiontoProgrammingLanguageThetermprogramminglanguageusuallyreferstohigh-levellanguages,suchasBASIC,C,C++,COBOL,FORTRAN,AdaandPascal.Eachlanguagehasauniquesetofkeywords(wordsthatitunderstands)andaspecialsyntaxfororganizingprograminstructions.所谓程序设计语言通常是指高级语言，像BASIC,
6、C,C++,COBOL,FORTRAN,Ada和Pascal。每种语言都具有一套独特的关键字（它能理解的字）和组织程序指令的专门语法。7.1IntroductiontoProgrammingLanguageHigh-levelprogramminglanguages,whilesimplecomparedtohumanlanguages,aremorecomplexthanthelanguagesthecomputeractuallyunderstands,whicharecalledmachinelanguages.Each
7、differenttypeofCPU(CentralProcessingUnit)hasitsownuniquemachinelanguage.简单地与人类语言相比，高级程序设计语言比计算机实际识别的语言，也就是机器语言，复杂得多。不同型号的CPU（中央处理单元）都有它独自的一套机器语言。7.1IntroductiontoProgrammingLanguageLyingbetweenmachinelanguagesandhigh-levellanguagesareassemblylanguages,whicharedirect
8、lyrelatedtoacomputer’smachinelanguage.Inotherwords,ittakesoneassemblycommandtogenerateeachmachine-languagecommand.Machinelanguagesconsiste
