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1、牛津高二英语M6U3-虚拟语气-3语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(常用在名词性从句中)。简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的常考形式：1.if引导的虚拟条件句2.名词性从句3.固定句式4.情态动词表示虚拟5.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是
2、真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Ifwehavechances,wecanhavefurthercooperation.IfIhaveanotherchance,IwillvisitChinaagain.if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思if条件从句一般现在时主句willshall+动词原形情态动词+动词原形Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillsleepathomeifitrainstomorrow.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或
3、几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。if引导的虚拟条件句①与现在事实相反②与过去事实相反③与将来事实可能相反IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.与现在事实相反?IfIweretheschoolmasterofLiuyangNo.8Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.与现在事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/
4、might/could)＋动词原形1.IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.2.IfIweretheschoolmasterofLiuyangNo.8Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.与过去事实相反If
5、Tomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.与过去事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+动词的过去分词1.IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnotha
6、vebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.3.Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedoneIfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…与将来事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+
7、动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形IfImet/weretomeet/shouldmeetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.总结：if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语
