西方音乐史讲义.ppt

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1、HistoryofWesternMusic(西方音乐史)HistoryofWesternMusicAncientGreeceandRomeTheMiddleAgesTheRenaissanceTheBaroqueAgeTheRococoHistoryofWesternMusicTheClassicalPeriodTheRomanticEraNationalismInMusicTheTwentiethCenturyTheAncientmusic古希腊、罗马音乐ProfessionaltermsGreece希腊Rome罗马Monophony单声部音乐Lyre里拉琴Avlo

2、s阿夫洛斯管Pythagoras毕达哥拉斯Brassinstrument铜管乐器MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐MusicinGreecemythology希腊神话中的音乐Greecemythologyascribedtomusicadivineoriginandnamedasitsinventorsandearliestpractitionersgodsanddemigods.Inthisdimprehistoricworld,musichadmagicpowers:peoplethoughtitcouldhealsickness,purifyth

3、ebodyandmind,andworkmiraclesintherealmofnature.music音乐Muses缪斯MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐AboutEpic史诗最初是由行吟诗人弹着里拉，用感动人心的歌声演唱的。比如荷马史诗《伊里亚得》与《奥得修》Abouttragedy古希腊悲剧悲剧的形式包括戏剧表演和合唱抒情两大部分；合唱包括正（合唱队转向左方）反（合唱队转向右方）合（有总结性质）三段；后来又加进了半说半唱的宣叙调；合唱队用笛子和诗琴伴奏。MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐MusiciansinAncientGree

4、ce古希腊音乐家Sappho抒情女诗人萨福Pythagoras毕达哥拉斯MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐Pythagoras毕达哥拉斯TheGreekmathematicianiscreditedthatsimplenumericalratiosproducealltheintervalsnecessarytocreateamusicalscale.Heshowed,forexample,thattwolengthsofstringintheratioof2:1producenotesanoctaveapart,andthatlengthsofstr

5、inginothersmallwhole—ratiosproduceotherimportantintervals,suchasthefifth(3:2),theforth(4:3),andthewholetone(9:8).MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐MusicaltheoryofancientGreece古希腊音乐理论BothPlatoandAristotlewerequiteclearastowhattheymeantbythe“right”kindofperson;andwereagreedthatthewaytoproducehimwa

6、sthroughasystemofpubliceducationinwhichprincipalelementsweregymnasticsandmusic,theoneforthedisciplineofthebodyandtheotherforthatofthemind.ForsomeGreekthinkersmusichadalsoacloseconnectionwithastronomy(天文学).MusicinAncientGreece古希腊音乐ImportantInstruments(乐器)ofancientGreeceLyre里拉琴四根弦的拨弦乐器，后来

7、成为音乐标记Avlos阿夫洛斯管音列音阶完全体系（画图）阿夫洛斯管MusicinAncientRomeTheRomansinventedordeveloped,chieflyformilitarypurposes,somebrassinstrumentsofthetrumpetandhorntypes.militarymusic军乐tuba大号buccina布契那(图)TheMiddleAgesmusic——（500—1450）中世纪音乐ProfessionaltermsTheMiddleAges中世纪Melody旋律Rhythm节奏Scale音阶C