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1、Lesson1CompressionMembersNewWords1.achieve2.eccentricity3.inevitable4.truss5.bracing6.slender7.buckle8.stocky9.convincingly10.stub11.curvature12.detractor13.convince14.argument15.crookedness16.provision规定，PhrasesandExpressions1.compressionmember2.bendingmoment3.callup
2、on（on）4.criticalbucklingload5.cross-sectionalarea6.radiusofgyration7.slendernessratio8.tangentmodulus9.stubcolumn10.trial-and-errorapproach11.empiricalformula12.residualstress13.hot-rolledshape14.lowerbound16.effectivelengthachievementcenter,中心;eccentric偏心的；eccentrici
3、tyevitable可避免的avoidable;inevitable不可避免的桁架triangulartruss,rooftruss,trussbridgebrace支柱，支撑；bracing,支撑，撑杆细长，苗条；stout;slenderness压曲，屈曲；bucklingloadstoutconvince,convincing,convincingly树桩，短而粗的东西；stubcolumn短柱曲率；curve,curvaturedetractdrawortakeaway;divert;belittle，dispute,de
4、bate,quarrel,reason,论据（理由）crook钩状物，v弯曲，crooked弯曲的条款shearforce,axialforce要求，请求，需要临界屈曲荷载critical回转半径gyration长细比切线模量短柱试算法经验公式残余应力热轧型钢下限计算长度偏心，偏心距unavoidable贬低，诽谤；关键的，临界的empiricalresidualhot-rolledbarupperbound上限经验的Definition（定义）Compressionmembersarethosestructuralelement
5、sthataresubjectedonlytoaxialcompressiveforces:thatis,theloadsareappliedalongalongitudinalaxisthroughthecentroidofthemembercrosssection,andthestresscanbetakenasfa=P/A,wherefaisconsideredtobeuniformovertheentirecrosssection.受压构件是仅受轴向压力作用的构件，即：荷载是沿纵轴加在其截面形心上的，其应力可表示为…，式中
6、，假定fa在整个截面上均匀分布。Thisidealstateisneverachievedinreality,however,andsomeeccentricityoftheloadisinevitable.然而，现实中从来都不可能达到这种理想状态，因为荷载的一些偏心是不可避免的。Thiswillresultinbending,butitcanusuallyberegardedassecondaryandcanbeneglectedifthetheoreticalloadingconditioniscloselyapproxima
7、ted.这将导致弯曲，但通常认为它是次要的，如果理论工况是足够近似的，就可将其忽略。Thiscannotalwaysbedoneifthereisacomputedbendingmoment,andsituationofthistypewillbeconsideredinBeam-Columns.但这并非总是可行的，女口有计算出的弯矩存在时，这种情形将在梁柱理论中加以考虑。Themostcommontypeofcompressionmemberoccurringinbuildingsandbridgesisthecolumn,av
8、erticalmemberwhoseprimaryfunctionistosupportverticalloads.在建筑物和桥梁中最常见的受压构件就是柱，其主要功能就是支承竖向荷载。Inmanyinstancesthesemembersareal
