眼科学基础精品医学ppt课件

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1、IntroductionOphthalmologyisaspecialmedicalscience,abranchofclinicalmedicine,whichdealswithresearchfordevelopment,treatmentandpreventionofthedisordersofvisualorgans.Oculardiseasehavecloserelationtosystemicones.LearningOphthalmologyandunderstandingitsdevelopmentandpresentstatea

2、rehelpfultoeatabilishfoundationsofclinic,teachingandscienceresearch.10/9/20211第一章眼科学基础ChapteroneBasicophthalmology10/9/20212第一节眼的组织解剖anatomyofeyeball眼球Theglobe(eyeball)anteriorandposteriordistanceofnormaleyeballis16mminborn.Atage323mm.Atadult24mm.10/9/20213Theveticaloneisaver

3、age23mm，thehorizontaloneisaverage23.5mminnormaladult.Theanteriorpoleoftheglobe,protrudedabout12-14mmbryondtheprbitalrim.Thedifferenceofthetwoeyesisusuallylessthan2mm.Itiseasytobeinjuried,especiallyinitsexternalpart,theanteriorpartoftheglobeisprotectedbytheeyelids.10/9/20214Th

4、eglobeiscomposedoftheeyecoats,thecontents.10/9/20215Theeyecoatismainlydividedintothreelayers.OuterlayerCorneaScleraMiddlelayerIrisCiliarybodyChoroidInnerlayerRetina10/9/20216外层TheoutercoatTheoutercoatconsistsofthecorneaandthesclera.Theanterioronesixthistransparentcornea,other

5、fivesixthsiswhitesclera.Thetransitionalsreaofbothisthelimbus.Thefunctionistomaintaintheshapeoftheglobeandtoprotectinteaoculartissue.10/9/20217（1）角膜Cornea横径Thehorizontaldiameteris11.5-12mm垂直径Theverticaldiameteris10.5-11mm中央部Thecentralthickness0.6mm周边部Theperipherythickness1mm10

6、/9/20218前表面曲率半径Theradiusofcorneacurvatureinfront7.8mm后表面曲率半径Theradiusofcorneacurvatureinback6.8mmItsrefractivepowerisequaltothatof+43diopterlens角膜Cornea10/9/20219Thecentralthickness0.6mmTheradiusofcorneacurvatureinfront7.8mmTheradiusofcorneacurvatureinback6.8mmTheperipherythi

7、ckness1mm10/9/202110组织学分层fromanteriortoposterior,thecorneahasfivedistinctlayers:①上皮细胞层Epithelium②前弹力层Bowman’smembrane③基质层Stroma④后弹力层Descemet’smembrane⑤内皮细胞层Endothelium10/9/202111EpitheliumBasementlayerBowman’smembraneStromaDescemet’smembraneendotheliumregenera

8、teafterinjery10/9/202112(2)巩膜Sclera①表层巩膜Theepisclera②巩膜实质层Thescleral