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1、专题十二定语从句定语从句是高考的热点。它往往出现在单选、完形、短文改错和阅读中。本讲义对高考试题中定语从句的考点进行归类，分四个部分阐述其用法。一.考查关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose1.(MET’87)Finally,thethiefhandedeverything______hehadstolentothepolice.A.afterB.whatC.whateverD.that2.(MET’89)All______isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.
2、thatC.whatD.which3.(MET’90)Hepaidtheboy&10forwashingtenwindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which4.(MET’95改错)Ialsoenjoyedtheeveningswhenwespenttogether.5.(NMET’97短文改错题)IlivedinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.6.(98上海文考题)Hema
3、deanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofgreatimportancetoscienceA.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis定语从句在主从复合句中做定语，修饰某一名词或代词，这个名词叫做先行词。定语从句置于先行词的后面。引导定语从句的有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why等。关系代词或关系副词既在先行词和定语从句中间起连接作用，同时又充当
4、某一成分。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。不可缺少的定语是限制性定语从句;非限制性定语从句只是对先行词进行附加说明,去掉后主句不受影响。用逗号隔开,不用that引导,而用which指物,who指人。●在下列情况下，限定从句中通常用that指代人或物，而不用who/whom或which。1.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词或any，no,thelast,thevery,theonly等形容词修饰时。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Pleasegivethenotetothefirs
5、tmanthatcomeshere.ThisisthelastlessonthatIshallgiveyou.TomwastheonlyboyatschoolthatIreallyliked.Heistheonlyoneoftheworkersthathasbeensavedinthataccident.Youmaytakeanybookthatyoulike.2.当先行词是all,everything,anything等不定代词时。AllthatIwantispeaceandquiet.Hetoldusevery
6、thingthatheknew.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?3.当先行词既包括人又包括物时。Wetalkedaboutthepeopleandthingsthatwereadinthebook.4.当主句是以who,或which开头的特殊疑问句时。WhicharethebooksthatwerewrittenonthehistoryofAmericaninthelibrary?Whoisthegirlthatislyingontheground?●在限制性定语从句中，省略关系代词
7、的几种情况：1.当关系代词在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语时。HaveyoureceivedtheletterIsentyoulastweek?2.当关系代词作表语时。Thecityisnottheone(that)itwastenyearsago.Itisnolongertheplace(that)itusedtobetwentyyearsago.3.当先行词是表示方式方法的词way时，用that或which引导定语从句或省略关系代词。Idon’tlikethewayyoulaughather.4.当关系代词在定语从
8、句中作介词宾语，而这个介词又在句尾时。Hereisthekeyyou’vebeenlookingfor.●关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语，即可指人又可指物。7Themanwhosehairiswhiteismyfather.Thehousewhosewindowsfacethesouthismine.二.考查when,where,why等关系副词的用法
