考研阅读新题型 翻译

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1、恩波考研-----------------------------------------------------------阅读新题型Passage1Archaeologicalstudycoversanextremelylongspanoftimeandagreatvarietyofsubjects.Theearliestsubjectsofarchaeologicalstudydatefromtheoriginsofhumanity.Theseincludefossilremainsbelieve

2、dtobeofhumanancestorswholived3.5millionto4.5millionyearsago.TheearliestarchaeologicalsitesincludethoseinEthiopia,Tanzania,Kenya;andelsewhereinEastAfrica.Thesesitescontainevidenceofthefirstappearanceofbipedal(upright-walking),apelikeearlyhumans.(1)______

3、___________.Thefirstphysicallymodernhumans,Homosapiens,appearedintropicalAfricabetween200,000and150,000yearsago—datesdeterminedbymolecularbiologistsandarchaeologistsworkingtogether.DozensofarchaeologicalsitesthroughoutAsiaandEuropeshowhowpeoplemigratedfr

4、omAfricaandsettledthesetwocontinentsduringthelastIceAge(100,000to15,000yearsago).(2)____________________.Archaeologistshavedocumentedthatthedevelopmentofagriculturetookplaceabout10,000yearsago.Earlydomestication—theplantingandharvestingofplantsandthebree

5、dingandherdingofanimals—isevidentinsuchplacesastheancientsettlementinJordanandinMexico.Archaeologyplaysamajorroleinthestudyofearlycivilizations,suchasthoseoftheSumeriansofMesopotamia,whobuiltthecityofUr,andtheancientEgyptians,whoarefamousforthepyramidsne

6、arthecityofGizaandtheroyalsepulchres(tombs)oftheValleyoftheKingsatThebes.(3)__________________________Archaeologicalresearchspanstheentiredevelopmentofphenomenathatareuniquetohumans.Forinstance,archaeologytellsthestoryofwhenpeoplelearnedtoburytheirdeadan

7、ddevelopedbeliefsinanafterlife.Sitescontainingsignsofthefirstsimplebutpurposefulburialsingravesdatetoasearlyas40,08yearsagoinEuropeandSouthwestAsia.Bythetimepeoplelivedincivilizations,burialsandfuneralceremonieshadbecomeextremelyimportantandelaborateritu

8、als.(4)___________________Archaeologyalsoexaminesmorerecenthistoricalperiods.SomearchaeologistsworkwithhistoriantostudyAmericancoloniallife,forexample.Theyhavelearnedsuchdiverseinformationashowtheearliestcolonialsettlersin