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1、仿蝴蝶微型扑翼机飞行原理及扑翼机构研究摘要微扑翼飞行器Flapping-wingmicroaerialvehicles模仿鸟类或昆虫的飞行原理,具有体积小、重量轻、隐身性好等优点,被广泛使用到军用和民用领域。本文以仿蝴蝶微型扑翼机为研究对象,首先分析凤蝶的飞行参数,在此基础上,建立了仿蝴蝶扑翼机的参数化模型,研究了仿蝴蝶扑翼机的流体和扑翼机构的运动特性。(1)对凤蝶的扑翼飞行和微观形态进行了整理和分析,获得了凤蝶扑翼飞行的尺寸参数及运动参数,为仿蝴蝶扑翼机的数值建模和机构分析提供了数据参考。(2)以流体仿真软件FLUENT为平台,采用参
2、数化语言,建立了仿蝴蝶流体分析模型,针对解决流场的动边界这一难点,采用动网格技术,对翼型的流体动力学性能进行研究。流体仿真结果表明:涡流是产生高升力的主要原因;在大翼展、低频率扑动前提下,扑翼幅值与产生的升力和推力成正比。(3)以平面四杆机构为基础,用解析法设计了具有急回特性的扑翼机构,并以solidworks软件为平台,建立了扑翼机构的三维模型,进行了扑翼机构的运动仿真,将仿真结果与解析法设计的扑翼机构的运动特性进行比较,验证了解析法设计急回特性的扑翼机构的可行性和可靠性。关键词:微扑翼飞行器,流体力学仿真,动网格技术,急回特性,运动
3、仿真IAbstractFlapping-wingmicroaerialvehiclesmimicbirdsorinsectflightprinciple,hastheadvantageofsmallvolume,lightweight,goodstealthability,etc.,iswidelyusedinmilitaryandcivilfields.Papilioischosentoresearchtheflappingwingflightandflightmechanisminthispaper.Theparametriclan
4、guageisusedtoconstructedbutterflywingmodeltocarryonmotionanalysisandthedesignoftheflapping-wingmechanism1Researchedandanalyzedtheflappingwingflightandmicro-morphologyofthepapilio,obtaineditsdimensionparameterandmotionparameter,provideddatareferencesforthenumericalmodelin
5、gandmechanicalmodelingofthebionicornithopter2TheimitatingbutterflyfluidsimulationmodeisbasedontheparameterizedmodelingmethodonFLUENTsoftwareplatform,tosolvetheflowfieldofthemovingboundarythisproblem,usingthedynamicmeshtechnique,researchonhydrodynamicperformanceofairfoil.
6、Fluidsimulationresultsshow:eddycurrentisthemaincauseofhighlift;inthelargespan,thelowfrequency,flutterpremise,flappingamplitudeisproportionaltoliftandthrustsgenerated3Basedontheanalyticalmethoddesigntheplanefour-barlinkage,usingquick-returncharacteristicstodesignflapping-
7、wingmechanism,andmakemotionanalyses.Establishedthethree-dimensionalmodeloftheflappingwing,andmademotionsimulationonsolidworkssoftware.Theresearchresultsrevealthattheflapping-wingmechanismmotionanalysiswhichiscomparedwiththree-dimensionalmodelsimulatedanalysisisfeasiblean
8、dreliableKeyword:Flapping-wingmicroaerialvehicles,fluiddynamicssimulation,dynamicmesh,quick-returnchara
