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1、2.RTK测量点位精度检定方法1令天线墩标志中心3维坐标真值为(x,y,h),静态测量值为(xs,ys,hs),RTK测量值为(xk,yk,hk),两观测值的真误差分别表示为Δs=x-xs,Δk=x-xk.令真误差之差为dx=Δk-Δs,即dx=xs-xk(1)同理得dy=ys-ykdh=hs-hk根据误差传播定律,由式(1)可得m2dx=m2xs+m2xk(2)由RTK检定场建场(B级网)设计精度指标:水平分量精度±(8mm+1×10-6D),垂直分量精度±(15mm+2×10-6D),可知天线墩标志中心3维坐标静态测量先验权为:Px
2、s=1/(8+1×D)2,Pys=1/(8+1×D)2,Phs=1/(15+2×D)2.式中,D为静态测量基线长度.由RTK测量系统的标称精度:水平分量精度±(10mm+1×10-6D),垂直分量精度±(20mm+2×10-6D),得到RTK测量点3维坐标先验权:Pxk=1/(10+1×d)2,Pyk=1/(10+1×d)2,Phk=1/(20+2×d)2.式中,d为流动站与基准站间的长度.下面详细推导RTK测量点x分量精度评定公式,同理可推导y,h分量的精度公式.(1)对真误差之差dx定权按权倒数传播定律,由式(2)得1/Pdx=1/
3、Pxs+1/Pxk(3)代入Pxs,Pxk,得dx的权Pdx=1/((8+1×D)2+(10+1×d)2)(2)计算dx的平均中误差mdx表2为RTK测量x坐标分量精度比对表,由表2计算dx的单位权中误差μdx=±[PdxΔxΔx]/n=±12.989/18=±0.8mm计算dx的平均中误差mdx=μdx/Pdx=μdx×((8+1×D)2+(10+1×d)2)=0.8×(78.00+122.92)=±11.33mm式中,D为静态测量基线的平均边长;d为RTK测量点间的平均边长.表2RTK测量x坐标分量精度比对表序号静态测量x坐标/m静
4、态测量y坐标/m静态测量边长D/kmRTK测量点x坐标/mRTK测量点y坐标/m至基准站距离d/km差数Δx/mm差数Δy/mmPdxΔxΔxPdyΔyΔy1189.217908.9731.125189.227908.9611.31410-120.4730.6812259.154972.1231.103259.140972.1451.238-14220.9372.3143175.720409.1791.312175.732409.1641.42512-150.6621.0354124.738856.8620.850124.750856.
5、8551.09812-70.7140.2435277.141655.8650.776277.128655.8791.173-13140.8370.9716265.073647.8770.598265.090647.8701.01117-71.4810.2517219.237678.4090.713219.241678.3970.97114-120.9990.7348175.791921.1260.479175.80921.1330.913970.4240.2579173.478876.6781.003173.463876.6850.87
6、6-1571.1290.24610197.313996.1320.617197.303996.1510.897-10190.5181.87011300.451712.9700.765300.460712.9571.1349-130.4030.84212258.397715.1060.798258.388715.1181.091-9120.4040.71913247.765859.9870.572247.748859.9980.996-17111.4870.62214275.264923.4740.635275.279923.4601.1
7、7115-141.1290.98315140.344770.2900.697140.355770.3071.31211170.5941.41916180.821878.9070.941180.810878.9161.144-1190.5980.39717139.246978.9620.997139.240978.9540.910-6-80.1800.32018152.928720.7310.998152.930720.7450.8992140.0200.981D=0.832km;d=1.087km;[PdxΔxΔx]=12.989mm2
8、;[PdyΔyΔy]=14.885mm2;[ΔxΔx]=2602mm2;[ΔyΔy]=3010mm2注:x坐标分量已减2497000,y坐标分量已减514000.23测绘通报2004年第12期1994-20
