cell apoptosis and cellular aging

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1、Chapter11cellapoptosisandCellularagingCellApoptosisCellularAging(orcellsenescence)SummaryTheNIHofUSA(recently):“Whatispopularinresearchtoday？”3kindsofdiseases：cancercardiovasculardiseasesinfectiousdiseases：AIDS，hepatitis5researchfields：cellcyclecontrol；c

2、ellapoptosis；cellularsenescence；signaltransduction；DNAdamageandrepair.ISI,USA(1997):SCI（ScienceCitationIndex）Papers:Threetopsofresearchfields:No1:Signaltransduction；No2:Cellapoptosis；No3:Genomeandpost-genomicanalysisTheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyandMedicine2002“F

3、ortheirdiscoveriesconcerninggeneticregulationoforganismsdevelopmentandprogrammedcelldeath”H.RobertHorvitzJohnE.Sulston1090–131=959(cells)Celldeath-relatedpublicationsCellApoptosisApoptosis:-DeathcomesfortheCells-Occursinallmulticellularanimalsstudies(planttoo!)

4、Doseapoptosisoccurinsingle-celledorganisms???Outlineofthissection:ApoptosisBiologicalFunctionofApoptosisMorphologicandBiochemicalCharacteristicsofApoptosisMolecularMechanismsofApoptosisApoptosisandCancerConcludingRemarks---Physiologicalcelldeath--Cellsuicide--C

5、elldeletion--Programmedcelldeath(PCD)APOPTOSISCellsareborn,liveforagivenperiodoftimeandthendieKerrTheterm“apoptosis”wasoriginallyusedbyKerrandhiscolleaguesandisfromtheGreekMeaning“droppingaway”astheleavesfromatree……Apoptosis:ProgrammedCellDeath(PCD)Firstdescrib

6、edbykerr,Wyllie,andCurrie(Br.J.Cancer.1972,26:239-57)Greekfor“fallingoff”or“droppingoff”Describesthemolecularandmorphologicalprocessesleadingtocontrolcellularself-destructionStereotypicalmorphologicalchanges:Shrinkage,Vacuoloation,LossofcontacttoECM,Chromatinco

7、ndensation,FragmentationintoapoptoticbodiesActiveandinherentlyprogrammedprocessthatplaysacrucialroleinregulationoftissuehomeostasis(自我平衡)凋亡(apoptosis):由内外因素触发细胞内预存的死亡程序而导致的细胞死亡过程.Apoptosis(凋亡):Atypeoforderly,orprogrammed,celldeathinwhichthecellrespondstocertain

8、signalsbyinitiatinganormalresponsethatleadstothedeathofthecellDefinitionIndevelopment,homeostasis,tumorsurveillance,andthefunctionoftheimmunesystem(multicellularorgnisms)-Ap