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1、[四级阅读]2011英语四级考试快速阅读练习（2）PartIIReadingcomprehension(skimmingandscanning)(15minute)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutetogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgi
2、veninthepassage;N(forNO)ifstatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestion8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HighwaysEarlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetsand
3、roadsintheU.S.weremadeofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks.Builtforhorse,carriage,andfoottraffic,theywereusuallypoorlycaredforandtoonarrowtoaccommodate(容纳)automobiles.Withtheincreaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike(收费公路)companiesunderlocalauthoritiesbegantos
4、pringup,andby1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads.Manywerebuiltusingspecificationsof19thcenturyScottishengineersThomasTelfordandJohnMacAdam(forwhomthemacadamsurfaceisnamed),whosespecificationsstressedtheimportanceofadequatedrainage.Beyondthat,therewere
5、nonationalstandardsforsize,weightrestrictions,orcommercialsigns.DuringWorldWarI,roadsthroughoutthecountrywerenearlydestroyedbytheweightoftrucks.WhenGeneralEisenhowerreturnedfromGermanyin1919,afterservingintheU.S.army’sfirsttranscontinentalmotorconvoy(车队
6、),henoted:“Theoldconvoyhadstartedmethinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,butGermany’sAutobahnormotorwayhadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland.”Itwouldtakeanotherwarbeforethefederalgovernmentwouldactonanationalhighwaysystem.DuringWorldWarII,atre
7、mendousincreaseintrucksandnewroadswererequired.Thewardemonstratedhowcriticalhighwaysweretothedefenseeffort.Thirteenpercentofdefenseplantsreceivedalltheirsuppliesbytruck,andalmostallotherplantsshippedmorethanhalfoftheirproductsbyvehicle.Thewaralsoreveale
8、dthatlocalcontrolofhighwayshadledtoaconfusingvarietyofdesignstandards.Evenfederalandstatehighwaysdidnotfollowbasicstandards.Somestatesallowedtrucksupto36,000pounds,whileothersrestrictedanythingover7,000pounds.Agovernmentstudyreco
