empires_of_the_silk_road_[christopher_i_beckwith]

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1、EMPIRESOFTHESILKROAD5ThispageintentionallyleftblankEMPIRESOFTHESILKROADAHistoryofCentralEurasiafromtheBronzeAgetothePresent5CHRISTOPHERI.BECKWITHPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPrincetonandOxfordCopyright©2009byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey

2、08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataBeckwith,ChristopherI.,1945–EmpiresoftheSilkRoad:ahistoryofCentralEurasiafromtheBronzeAgetothepresent/ChristopherI.Beckwith.p.cm.Includesbibliog

3、raphicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-691-13589-2(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Asia,Central–History.2.Europe,Eastern—History.3.EastAsia—History.4.MiddleEast—History.I.Title.DS329.4.B432009958–dc222008023715BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinMinionPro.Printedonac

4、id-freepaper.∞press.princeton.eduPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica13579108642CONTENTS5prefaceviiacknowledgmentsxvabbreviationsandsiglaxviiintroductionxixprologue:TheHeroandHisFriends11TheChariotWarriors292TheRoyalScythians583BetweenRomanandChineseLegions784TheAgeofAttilatheHun935TheTürkEmpire1126T

5、heSilkRoad,Revolution,andCollapse1407TheVikingsandCathay1638ChinggisKhanandtheMongolConquests1839CentralEurasiansRidetoaEuropeanSea20410TheRoadIsClosed23211EurasiawithoutaCenter26312CentralEurasiaReborn302epilogue:TheBarbarians320appendixa:TheProto-Indo-EuropeansandTheirDiaspora363appendixb:Ancien

6、tCentralEurasianEthnonyms375endnotes385bibliography427index457ThispageintentionallyleftblankPREFACE5ThisbookpresentsanewviewofthehistoryofCentralEurasiaandtheotherpartsoftheEurasiancontinentdirectlyinvolvedinCentralEurasianhistory.OriginallyIplannedtowriteasketchoftheessentialtopicalele-mentsofahi

7、storyofCentralEurasia,withoutmuchofachronologicalnar-rative.HavinginmindtheFrenchtraditionofwritingprofessionallyin-formedbutreadableessaysforaneducatedgeneralaudience,withminimalannotation,Iimagineditwiththetitl