数学部分术语总汇 (2)

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1、数学部分术语总汇(2)集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集thesetofallnon-negativeintegers自然数集thesetofallnaturalnumbers正整数集thesetofallpositiveintegers整数集thesetofallintegers有理数集thesetofallrationalnumbers实数集thesetofallrealnumbers元素element属于belongto不属于notbelongto有限集finiteset无限集infiniteset空集emptyse

2、t包含inclusion,include包含于liein子集subset真子集propersubset补集（余集）plementaryset全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集thesetofallevennumbers奇数集thesetofalloddnumbers含绝对值的不等式inequalityent定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closedinterval开区间openinterval函数的图象graphoffunction映射mapping象image原象i

3、nverseimage单调monotone增函数increasingfunction减函数decreasingfunction单调区间monotoneinterval反函数inversefunction指数exponentn次方根nthroot根式radical根指数radicalexponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponentialfunction对数logarithm常用对数monlogarithm自然对数naturallogarithm对数函数logarithmicfunction数列数列sequenceo

4、fnumber项term通项公式theformulaofgeneralterm有穷数列finitesequenceofnumber无穷数列infinitesequenceofnumber递推公式recurrenceformula等差数列arithmeticprogression，arithmeticseries公差mondifference等差中项arithmeticmean等比数列geometricprogression，geometricseries公比monratio等比中项geometricmean三角函数三角函数tri

5、gonometricfunction始边initialside终边terminalside正角positiveangle负角negativeangle零角zeroangle象限角quadrantangle弧度radian弧度制radianmeasure角度制degreemeasure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式inductionformula正弦曲线sinecurve余弦曲线cosinecurve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期per

6、iod最小正周期minimalpositiveperiod周期函数periodicfunction振幅amplitudeofvibration频率frequency相位phase初相initialphase反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent平面向量有向线段directedlinesegment数量scalarquantity向量vector零向量zerovector相等向量equalvector共线向量collinearvectors平行向量parallelvectors向量的数乘multip

7、licationofvectorbyscalar单位向量unitvector基底base基向量basevectors平移translation数量积innerproduct正弦定理sinetheorem余弦定理cosinetheorem不等式算术平均数arithmeticmean几何平均数geometricmean比较法methodofpare综合法methodofsynthesis分析法methodofanalysis直线倾斜角angleofinclination斜率gradient点斜式pointslopeform截距int

8、ercept斜截式gradientinterceptform两点式t一般式generalform夹角includedangle线性规划linearprogramming约束条件constraintcondition目标函数objectivefunction可行域