啤酒设计外文参考文献翻译

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1、英文参考文献翻译二零一五年五月摘自Ullmann’sEncyclopediaofIndustrialChemistryPublishedOnline:15APR2009DOI:10.1002/14356007.a03_421.pub2英文原文:FillingAfterfiltration,alloperationsmustbedirectedtomaintainthequalityofthebeer.Mistakesmadeatthispointareveryhardtorectifyandwillonlybecomenoticeablemuchlater(re-in

2、fectionandagedtastecausedbyahighoxygenconcentration).Furthermore,thebeermustbebottledunderanappropriatepressuretopreventthereleaseofcarbondioxide.Fillingandpackagingaresubjecttovariouslegalregulations,justlikeheproductionofbeeritself.Theseregulationspertaintolabeling,containercapacity,a

3、ndvolumetolerance.Theamountofbeerlostdependsontheproductionfacilities，andtoacertainextentoncapacity，andrangesbetween3and10%.Examinationofbeerlossprovidesaninsightintolossofvolume,whichoccursfromcastingtotheactualprocessofbottling,andintolossofextract.Kegging.Barrelsaremanufacturedofoakw

4、ood,aluminumalloys，stainlesssteel，orplasticslinedwithstainlesssteel;theirsizerangesfrom10to250L.Afterthebarrelhasbeenthoroughlycleaned，itispurgedwithcarbondioxideor,lessadvantageously，withair，andfilledundercounterpressure(isobarometric).Bowlessfillingunitsnotonlyavoidthedangerofinfectio

5、n，buttheyalsoprotectthebeerfromextensivecontaminationwithoxygen.Barrelswithacylindricaledgearecalledkegsorsystembarrels;theyhaveapermanentlyinstalledfittingforcleaning，sterilization,filling，andtapping.Withsuchadevice,thebarrelremainssealedandunderapressureofcarbondioxideevenafterithasbe

6、enemptied.Inthisfashionthedrying-upofbeerremnantsisavoided,andcleaningisfacilitated.Cleaningandfillingundersterileconditionsareeasilyautomated.Kegsandfittingsarestandardized.CelIarTanks.Forlargerdistributorsstationarydraftbeertankswhichhold10to30hLcanbeinstalled.Thebeerisdeliveredfromth

7、ebreweryinlargetanktrucks.Thecellartanksareequippedwithcoolingdevices.Theyarelinedwithdisposablepolyethylenebags，whichmakeitpossibletostorethebeerunderimpeccablesanitaryconditionswithouttheneedtocleanthecellartank.Theexcesspressurenecessarytodispensethebeeriscreatedbygaswhichis