片机毕业外文翻译

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1、外文资料翻译Thesingle-chipmicrocomputeristheculminationofboththedevelopmentofthedigitalcomputerandtheintegratedcircuitarguablythetwomostsignificantinventionsofthe20thcentury.Someemploythesplitprogram/datamemoryoftheHarvardarchitecture,showninFig.A-1,othersfollowthephilosophy,widelyadaptedforgeneral-purpo

2、secomputersandmicroprocessors,ofmakingnologicaldistinctionbetweenprogramanddatamemoryasinthePrincetonarchitecture,showninFig.A-2.Ingeneraltermsasingle-chipmicrocomputerischaracterizedbytheincorporationofalltheunitsofacomputerintoasingledevice,asshowninFig3-5A-3.Thesetwotypesofarchitecturearefoundin

3、single-chipmicrocomputer.Fig.A-1AHarvardtypeFig.A-2AconventionalPrincetoncomputerReadonlymemory(ROM)ROMisusuallyforthepermanent,non-volatilestorageofanapplicationsprogram.Manymicrocomputersandmicrocontrollersareintendedforhigh-volumeapplicationsandhencetheeconomicalmanufactureofthedevicesrequiresth

4、atthecontentsoftheprogrammemorybecommittedpermanentlyduringthemanufactureofchips.Clearly,thisimpliesarigorousapproachtoROMcodedevelopmentsincechangescannotbemadeaftermanufacture.Thisdevelopmentprocessmayinvolveemulationusingasophisticateddevelopmentsystemwithahardwareemulationcapabilityaswellastheu

5、seofpowerfulsoftwaretools.SomemanufacturersprovideadditionalROMoptionsbyincludingintheirrangedeviceswith(orintendedforusewith)userprogrammablememory.Thesimplestoftheseisusuallydevicewhichcanoperateinamicroprocessormodebyusingsomeoftheinput/outputlinesasanaddressanddatabusforaccessingexternalmemory.

6、ThistypeofdevicecanbehavefunctionallyasthesinglechipmicrocomputerfromwhichitisderivedalbeitwithrestrictedI/Oandamodifiedexternalcircuit.TheuseoftheseROMlessdevicesiscommoneveninproductioncircuitswherethevolumedoesnotjustifythedevelopmentcostsofcustomon-chipROM;therecanstillbeasignificantsavinginI/O

7、andotherchipscomparedtoaconventionalmicroprocessorbasedcircuit.MoreexactreplacementforROMdevicescanbeobtainedintheformofvariantswith'piggy-back'EPROM(ErasableprogrammableROM)socketsordeviceswithEPROMinstead