不同剂量醋酸铅对雌性小鼠主要脏器影响的研究

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1、不同剂量醋酸铅对雌性小鼠主要脏器影响的研究高利萍(2013届药物制剂专业1班)摘要：为研究不同剂量醋酸铅对雌性小鼠主要脏器的损伤，将120只昆明系雌性小鼠随机平均分为醋酸铅高、中、低剂量组(30、20、10mg/kg)和生理盐水阴性对照组，经腹腔每三天定时定量给药10次。取各组小鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾，分别观察病理变化、称湿重、做病理切片进行光学显微镜观察。试验结果显示：低剂量组小鼠生长发育无明显异常：中剂量组小鼠从第12d开始生长缓慢，高剂量组从第9d开始生长缓慢。高剂量组小鼠脾、肾受影响极明显，肺受影响明显，心、肝受影响不明显；中剂

2、量组小鼠心、肺受影响不明显，肝受影响明显，脾、肾受影响极明显；低剂量组小鼠心、肝、肺受影响不明显，脾、肾受影响明显。结果表明铅对小鼠主要脏器产生毒害作用，特别是表现在肺与脾脏上，从而严重影响着小鼠的生长与发育。关键词：醋酸铅；內脏器官；病理变化；生长发育；雌性小鼠StudyoftheEflectofDifferentDosesofLeadAcetateontheMainOrgansofFemaleMiceGAOLi-ping(Class1ofPharmaceuticalPreparation,Graduatedin2013)Abstra

3、ct:Tostudytheeffectofdifferentdosesofleadacetateonthemainorgansoffemalemice,120Kunmingfemalemicewererandomlydividedintohigh,medium,lowdosegroups(30,20,lOmg/Kg)ofleadacetateandthenormalsalinenegativecontrolgroup,injectedintraperitoneallyeverytwodays,tentimesintotal.Getthe

4、heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidneyofeachgroupmice'stoobservethepathologicalchanges,toweighthewetweight,andtomakepathologicalslices,meanwhiletoobservethemwithopticalmicroscope.Theresultsshowthat:Thegrowthanddevelopmentofmiceinthelowdosegroupshowednoabnormlities;themediumdoseg

5、roupofmicefromthe12stdaybegantogrowslowly,andthehighdosegroupbegantogrowslowlyfromthe9stday.Highdosegroupmice'sspleen,kidney,wereafleetedextremelysignificant;thelungwasafleetedobviously,andtheheart,liverwerenotaffectedobviously.Themediumdosegroup'sheart,lungwerenotaffect

6、edobviously,theliverwasafYectedsignificantly,andthespleen,kidneywereaffectedextremelysignificant.Thelowdosegroup'sheart,liver,1ungwerenotaffectedobviouslyandsplccn,kidney,wereaffectedsignificantly.Theresultsshowthatleadacetatecanproducetoxiceffectsonmainorgansofthefemale

7、mice,especiallyinthelungandspleen,whichcanseriouslyallectthegrowthanddevelopmentofthemice.Keywords:LeadAcetate;Organs;PathologicalChange;GrowthandDevelopment;FemaleRats随着工农业生产的发展，铅对环境的污染越来越严重，用铅工业、冶金、陶瓷、医药、塑料等排出的“三废”，煤和含铅汽油的燃烧产生的废弃气⑴，以及矿区的大量开采挖掘，使得大量的铅进入环境，导致重金属对土壤和农作物的污

8、染问题越来越显著。铅是一类大量存在于环境屮的金属污染物而且不能降解，是一种半衰期很长（长达十年以上）的蓄积性毒物，不仅影响农产品的质量，而且还会通过食物链进入人体危害人类健康⑵。美国政府工业卫生协会（ACG