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1、ELIZABETHGASKELLMARYBARTON--ATALEOFMANCHESTERLIFE--PREFACEBYELIZABETHGASKELLThreeyearsagoIbecameanxious(fromcircumstancesthatneednotbemorefullyalludedto)toemploymyselfinwritingaworkoffiction.LivinginManchester,butwithadeeprelishandfondadmirationforthecountry,m
2、yfirstthoughtwastofindaframe-workformystoryinsomeruralscene;andIhadalreadymadealittleprogressinatale,theperiodofwhichwasmorethanacenturyago,andtheplaceonthebordersofYorkshire,whenIbethoughtmehowdeepmightbetheromanceinthelivesofsomeofthosewhoelbowedmedailyinthe
3、busystreetsofthetowninwhichIresided.Ihadalwaysfeltadeepsympathywiththecare-wornmen,wholookedasifdoomedtostrugglethroughtheirlivesinstrangealternationsbetweenworkandwant;tossedtoandfrobycircumstances,apparentlyinevenagreaterdegreethanothermen.Alittlemanifestati
4、onofthissympathyandalittleattentiontotheexpressionoffeelingsonthepartofsomeofthework-peoplewithwhomIwasacquainted,hadlaidopentometheheartsofoneortwoofthemorethoughtfulamongthem;Isawthattheyweresoreandirritableagainsttherich,theeventenorofwhoseseeminglyhappyliv
5、esappearedtoincreasetheanguishcausedbythelottery-likenatureoftheirown.Whetherthebittercomplaintsmadebythem,oftheneglectwhichtheyexperiencedfromtheprosperous--especiallyfromthemasterswhosefortunestheyhadhelpedtobuildup--werewell-foundedorno,itisnotformetojudge.
6、Itisenoughtosay,thatthisbeliefoftheinjusticeandunkindnesswhichtheyendurefromtheirfellow-creatures,taintswhatmightberesignationtoGod'swill,andturnsittorevengeintoomanyofthepooruneducatedfactory-workersofManchester.ThemoreIreflectedonthisunhappystateofthingsbetw
7、eenthosesoboundtoeachotherbycommoninterests,astheemployersandtheemployedmusteverbe,themoreanxiousIbecametogivesomeutterancetotheagonywhich,fromtimetotime,convulsesthisdumbpeople;theagonyofsufferingwithoutthesympathyofthehappy,oroferroneouslybelievingthatsuchis
8、thecase.Ifitbeanerror,thatthewoes,whichcomewithever-returningtide-likefloodtooverwhelmtheworkmeninourmanufacturingtowns,passunregardedbyallbutthesufferers,itisatanyrateanerrorsobit
