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1、IntroductionofComputationalFluidDynamicsWangdaZuoFAUErlangen-NürnbergJASS05,St.Petersburg1.BasicsofComputationalFluidDynamics1.1.ConceptofComputationalFluidDynamicsComputationalFluidDynamics(CFD)isthesimulationoffluidsengineeringsystemsusingmodeling(mathematicalphysicalproblemformulation)andnum
2、ericalmethods(discretizationmethods,solvers,numericalparameters,andgridgenerations,etc.).Theprocessisasfigure1.Figure1ProcessofComputationalFluidDynamicsFirstly,wehaveafluidproblem.Tosolvethisproblem,weshouldknowthephysicalpropertiesoffluidbyusingFluidMechanics.Thenwecanusemathematicalequations
3、todescribethesephysicalproperties.ThisisNavier-StokesEquationanditisthegoverningequationofCFD.AstheNavier-StokesEquationisanalytical,humancanunderstanditandsolvethemonapieceofpaper.Butifwewanttosolvethisequationbycomputer,wehavetotranslateittothediscretizedform.Thetranslatorsarenumericaldiscret
4、izationmethods,suchasFiniteDifference,FiniteElement,FiniteVolumemethods.Consequently,wealsoneedtodivideourwholeproblemdomainintomanysmallpartsbecauseourdiscretizationisbasedonthem.Then,wecanwriteprogramstosolvethem.ThetypicallanguagesareFortranandC.Normallytheprogramsarerunonworkstationsorsuper
5、computers.Attheend,wecangetoursimulationresults.Wecancompareandanalyzethesimulationresultswithexperimentsandtherealproblem.Iftheresultsarenotsufficienttosolvetheproblem,wehavetorepeattheprocessuntilfindsatisfiedsolution.ThisistheprocessofCFD.1.2.ImportanceofComputationalFluidDynamicsTherearethr
6、eemethodsinstudyofFluid:theoryanalysis,experimentandsimulation(CFD).Asanewmethod,CFDhasmanyadvantagescomparedtoexperiments.Pleaserefertable1.Simulation(CFD)ExperimentCostCheapExpensiveTimeShortLongScaleAnySmall/MiddleInformationAllMeasuredPointRepeatableYesSomeSafetyYesSomeDangerousTable1Compar
7、isonofSimulationandExperiment1.3.ApplicationofComputationalFluidDynamicsAsCFDhassomanyadvantages,itisalreadygenerallyusedinindustrysuchasaerospace,automotive,biomedicine,chemicalprocessing,heatventilationaircondition,hydraulics,po
