The basics of item response theory.pdf

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1、THEBASICSOFITEMRESPONSETHEORYFRANKB.BAKERTHEBASICSOFITEMRESPONSETHEORYFRANKB.BAKERUniversityofWisconsinClearinghouseonAssessmentandEvaluationTheBasicsofItemResponseTheorybyFrankB.BakerSecondeditionPublishedbytheERICClearinghouseonAssessmentandEvaluationCopyright©2001ERICClearinghouseonA

2、ssessmentandEvaluationAllrightsreserved.Editors:CarolBoston,LawrenceRudnerDesign:LauraChapmanCover:LauraChapmanPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaISBN1-886047-03-0(previouslypublishedbyHeinemann,ISBN0-435-08004-0)ThispublicationwassetandeditedwithfundsfromtheOfficeofEducationalResearchand

3、Improvement(OERI),U.S.DepartmentofEducation,andtheNationalLibraryofEducation(NLE)undercontractED99CO0032.TheopinionsexpressedinthispublicationdonotnecessarilyreflectthepositionsorpoliciesofOERI,theDepartmentofEducation,orNLE.iAcknowledgmentsOverthepastcentury,manypeoplehavecontributedto

4、thedevelopmentofitemresponsetheory.Threepersonsdeservespecialrecognition.D.N.LawleyoftheUniversityofEdinburghpublishedapaperin1943showingthatmanyoftheconstructsofclassicaltesttheorycouldbeexpressedintermsofparametersoftheitemcharacteristiccurve.Thispapermarksthebeginningofitemresponseth

5、eoryasameasurementtheory.TheworkofDr.F.M.LordoftheEducationalTestingServicehasbeenthedrivingforcebehindboththedevelopmentofthetheoryanditsapplicationforthepast50years.Dr.Lordsystematicallydefined,expandedandexploredthetheoryaswellasdevelopedcomputerprogramsneededtoputthetheoryintopracti

6、ce.Thiseffortculminatedinhisclassicbooks(withDr.MelvinNovick,1968;1980)onthepracticalapplicationsofitemresponsetheory.Inthelate1960s,Dr.B.D.WrightoftheUniversityofChicagorecognizedtheimportanceofthemeasurementworkbytheDanishmathematicianGeorgRasch.Sincethattimehehasplayedakeyroleinbring

7、ingitemresponsetheory,theRaschmodelinparticular,totheattentionofpractitioners.Withouttheworkofthesethreeindividuals,thelevelofdevelopmentofitemresponsetheorywouldnotbewhereitistoday.TheauthorisindebtedtoMr.T.SeaveyofHeinemannEducationalBooksforfirstsuggestingthatIdoasmallbookon