2013年高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习-科普知识(详解)

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1、2013高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习—科普知识AScientistsatRoyalHolloway，UniversityofLondonandQueenMary，UniversityofLondonhavediscoveredthatbeeslearntoflytheshortestpossibleroutebetweenflowerseveniftheydiscovertheflowersinadifferentorder.Beesareeffectivelysolvingthe“travelingsales

2、manproblem”，andtheyarethefirstcreaturesfoundtodothis.Thetravelingsalesmanmustfindtheshortestroutethatallowshimtovisitalllocationsonhisroute.Computerssolveitbycomparingthelengthofallpossibleroutesandchoosingtheshortest，anditcankeepcomputersbusyfordays.However

3、，beessolveitwithoutcomputerassistanceusingabrainthesizeofgrassseed.Dr.NigelRaine，fromtheSchoolofBiologicalSciencesatRoyalHollowayexplains，“Beessolvetravelingsalesmanproblemseveryday.Theyvisitflowersatmultiplelocationsandbecausebeesuselotsofenergytofly，theyfi

4、ndaroutewhichkeepsflyingtoaminimum.”Theteamusedthecomputertocontrolartificialflowerstotestwhetherbeeswouldfollowaroutedefinedbytheorderinwhichtheydiscoveredtheflowersoriftheywouldfindtheshortestroute.Afterexploringthelocationoftheflowers，beesquicklylearnedto

5、flytheshortestroute.Aswellasimprovingourunderstandingofhowbeesmovearoundthelandscapepollinatingcropsandwildflowers，thisresearch，whichisduetobepublishedinTheAmericanNaturalist，hasotherapplications.Ourlifestylereliesonnetworkssuchastrafficontheroads，informatio

6、nflowontheWebandbusinesssupplychains.Byunderstandinghowbeescansolvetheirproblemswithsuchatinybrain，wecanimproveourmanagementoftheseeverydaynetworkswithoutneedinglotsofcomputertime.Dr.Raineadds，“Despitetheirtinybrainsbeesarecapableofextraordinaryfeatsofbehavi

7、or.Weneedtounderstandhowtheycansolvethetravelingsalesmanproblemwithoutacomputer.”Note：pollinatevt.授粉　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．BeeshelpsalesmentravelB．TroybrainedbeessolveacomplexmathematicalproblemC．HowbeesdiscovertheflowersD

8、．Howtosolvethe“travelingsalesmanproblem”2．Wemayinferfromthesecondparagraphthatthe“travelingsalesmanproblem”________.A．canbesolvedbyacomputereasilyB．can'tevenbesolvedbyacomputerC．canpuzzlebothpeo