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1、TwoKindsofPreindustrialHouseholdFormationSystemAuthor(s):JohnHajnalSource:PopulationandDevelopmentReview,Vol.8,No.3(Sep.,1982),pp.449-494Publishedby:PopulationCouncilStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1972376.Accessed:23/08/201121:27YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTe
2、rms&ConditionsofUse,availableat.http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jspJSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontentinatrusteddigitalarchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacil
3、itatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org.PopulationCounciliscollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoPopulationandDevelopmentReview.http://www.jstor.orgTwoKindsofPreindustrialHouseholdFormationSystemJohnHajnalAsimilardiscoverya
4、bouthouseholdsizehasbeenmadeinthelastfewdecadesaboutwidelydifferentsocieties,namelypartsofEuropeinpreindustrialtimes,India,andChina.UntilrecentlyitwaswidelybelievedthatinpreindustrialEurope,aswellasinIndiaandChina,largehouseholdsusedtobethenorm.Thediscoverythattheaveragehouseholdsizewasont
5、heorderofonlyfivepersons,therefore,cameasasurprise.ThetraditionalhouseholdformationsystemsofIndiaandChinaaresim-ilartoeachother(atleastintheaspectsdealtwithinthispaper).ButthehouseholdformationsystemsofNorthwestEuropeintheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturieswereverydifferent,thoughtheyyielded
6、householdsofroughlythesamesize.Theaimofthispaperistodescribeandcontrasttwokindsofhouseholdformationsystemsinquantitativeterms.Theterm"house-holdformationsystem"isusedtoindicatethattheintentionistocomparemodesofbehaviorthatresultintheformationofhouseholdsofvariouskinds,aswellastocomparether
7、esultsofthatbehavior.Ahouseholdformationsystemisdefinedbyhouseholdformationrules,asdescribedinsection1.Despitegapsintheevidence,enoughdatahavenowbeenaccumulatedbyhistorianstosupportstronglytheconclusionthatthehouseholdformationsystemsofallpopulationsinpreindus
