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1、外文翻译原文：Employeepreferencesforpaysystemcriteria:apaysystemsurveyStorlieChristineAsthe21stCenturyprogresses,thehighlycompetitiveenvironmentinwhichorganizationsoperateandrecenteventssuchastheDot.comfailuresandtheterroristattacksof9/11,havecausednumerouscompaniestodownsize,la
2、y-offemployees,orreduceemployeecompensation,includingGE,IBM,Citicorp,AT&T,Kodak,Goodyear,Exxon,Xerox,TRW,andGM(Bateman&Snell,2004;Lawler,2005).Asaresult,retainingthebestemployeesandrecruitingpeoplewiththegreatestpotentialarevitaltothesuccessandsurvivaloftheorganization(La
3、wler,2003&2005).Rewardsystemscanservethestrategicpurposeofattracting,motivating,andretainingpeople;yet,acomplexsetoffactorsisusedtodetermineanemployee’scompensation(Bateman&Snell,2004).Theearliestformsofrewardsforproductivitywerefood,shelter,andprotection,allofwhicharevit
4、altosurvival.Yet,theoriginationofmonetarysystemscausedpaytobecomethemostcommonformofrewardandmoneyhasbecomethemediumofexchangeforallcommodities.Theuseofeconomicincentivestomotivatepeoplehasbeenacommonpracticeinmanysocietiesandhasgeneratedamyriadofspeculationandaplethoraof
5、research(Milkovich&Newman,2005).Consideredtobethefatherofscientificmanagement,FrederickTayloriscreditedwithpopularizingtheuseofmoneyasamotivationalworktooloveracenturyago(Bateman&Snell,2004).Numeroustheoriesthatarerelevanttotheuseofeconomicincentivestomotivateworkersarero
6、otedinTaylor’sscientificmanagement,includingVroom’sExpectancyTheory,Herzberg’sTwo-FactorTheory,Skinner’sReinforcementTheory,andAdams’EquityTheory(Lawler,2000).Inaddition,thereisanabundanceofresearchstudiesthathavefocusedonperformance-basedpay,ofwhichthemostfamousaretheHaw
7、thorneStudies.EdwardE.Lawlerfurtheredtheevolutionofeconomicmotivationtheorywhenheproposedthatemployeesperformathigherlevelswhentheirpayisrelatedtoperformance(1966&1971)andconductedstudiestodemonstratethatemployeesperformathigherlevelswhenpayisrelatedtoperformance(Cammann&
8、Lawler,1973).Ithasbeenduringthepastfourdecadesthatpaysatisfactionhasbecomeanintensiveareaofinqui
