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1、Part1Asregardssocialconventions,wemustsayawordaboutthewell-knownEnglishclasssystem.『ThisisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishpeople,andonetheytendtobeashamedof,thoughduringthepresentcenturyclass-consciousncsshasgrownlessandless,andtheclasssystemlessrigid.』①Butitstillexistsbelowthesurface.Broadlyspeaki
2、ng,itmeanstherearetwoclasses,the"middleclassvandthe“workingclass".(Weshallignoreforamomenttheold"upperclassv,includingthehereditaryaristocracy,sinceitisextremelysmal1inrmmbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttositintheHouseofLords,andsomenewspaperstakeasurprisinginterestintheirprivatelife.)Themiddl
3、eclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandprofessionalpeopleofallkinds.Theworkingclassconsistschieflyofmanualandunskilledworkers.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenthemisintheiraccent.Middle-classpeopleuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedpronunciationvwhichisthekindofEnglishspokenbyBBCannouncersand
4、taughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegeneral1)^felttoberatheruglyanduncduceited.OneofthebiggestbarriersofsocialequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classeducationsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”inunediatelymarksyououtasoneofthemiddleclass.Themidd
5、leclassestendtoliveamoreformal1ifethanworking-classpeople,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealis“lunch”andtheyhavearathcrformaleveningmealcalled“dinnet”,whereastheworkingman"sdinner,ifhisworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledsupper.Aswehavesaid,however,theclasssy
6、stemismuchlessrigidthanitwas,andforalongtimeithasbeengovernmentpolicytoreduceclassdistinctions.[Working-classstudentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandentertheprofessions,andworking-classincomeshavegrownsomuchrecentlythatthedistinctionsbetweenthetwoclassesarebecominglessand1essclear.J©Howe
7、ver,regardlessofone'ssocialstatus,cortainstemdardsofpolitencssarccxpcctedofeverybody,andawell-bredpersonispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourerwiththesamerespecthegivesanimportantbusinessman.Servilityinspire
