21世纪工程硕士研究生英语综合教程unit2

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1、Unit2ComprehensionA.1.Thefirstparagraphmainlyintroducesusanewlyobservedphenomenonbysomescientistswhostudyintelligence:IQscoreshavebeenrisingsharplyinthelastfewdecades.2.ScientistshavebelievedthatIQisrigid,andremainssteady.Thenewlyobservedphenomenonbreakstheirbe

2、lief.ItishardevidencethatIQcanbechanged.3.BecauseneithergenesnorenvironmentexplainsIQriseadequately.Studiesaboutgenesshowthatgenesaccountforabout75percentofthedifferencebetweenindividuals'IQsbylateadolescence,soenvironmenthasverylimitedroomtoplayaroleindetermin

3、ingintelligence.ButitwouldberidiculousifwesaythatIQrisehasresultedfrom"smarter"genes,becausethegenesinapopulationdonotchangequicklyenoughtocausesuchsharpIQrise.Thatiswhyscientistsfindithardtoexplainthephenomenon.4.“Paradox"herereferstotwoopposingviewsaboutthein

4、fluenceofenvironmentonintelligence.ThehighheritabilityofIQsuggeststhatenvironmentdoesnotplaymuchroleinshapingIQ,butIQgainsovertimesuggestthatenvironmentisextremelypowerfulinshapingIQ.5.TheyexplainedthatpeopledIQswereaffectedbybothenvironmentandgenes,buttheirenv

5、ironmentsshouldcoiTespondtotheirIQs.Thatistosay,peoplewithhigherIQusuallyseekandliveinamorestimulatingenvironment,whichwillcausestillhigherIQ.6.Genescausepeopletoseekoutcertainenvironments,certainlifeexperiences.Smartergenesenablepeopletoenjoydoingeverything,th

6、uscausingthemtobemoreandmoreintelligentthanthosewhoarelessgifted.7."Multipliereffect”meansthatsmartergenesleadtohigherIQs,higherIQsthenleadoneintobetterenvironments,andbetterenvironmentsagaincausestillhigherIQs.8."Dance”bringstomindasceneorapictureinwhichtwopeo

7、plemoverhythmicallytomusicandcooperateinaharmoniousway.Genescausepeopletoseekoutcertainenvironment.Environmentinturnstimulatesgenes.Genesandenvironmentworktogetherinamysteriouswaytoboostintelligence.9.TheslightdeficitinIQcancausethepersontofeelfrustrated,conseq

8、uently,he/shewillnotenjoygoingtoschoolandmayevencometohatelearning.Ifapersonisunwillingtolearn,hewillnotincreasehisknowledgeoftheworld.Asmallinitialgeneticdeficitcanbeenlarg