2019届高考英语一轮复习unit2growingpains牛津译林版

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Unit2Growingpains一、阅读理解Persuasionistoconvincesomeonetoagreewithyou,justlikeartwhichalsocallsforspecialtechniquestoaccomplish.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:ethos,pathosandlogos.Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationhehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Pathosisaspeaker’swayofconnectingwithanaudience'semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemwanttovoteforhim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcatstomaketheviewersfeelpity,sotheywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.Logosistheuseoffacts,statisticsorotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme”.Althoughethos,pathosandlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.So,thenexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercialorlistentoafriendtrytoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.1.Whatisthepurposeofpersuasion?A.Toadvisesomebodytosupportyou.B.TohelpsomeonehavespecialskillC.Toconvincesomebodytorealizehisaim.D.Totalksomeoneintobeinghonest.2.Whatisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencetotrusthim?A.Pathos.B.Ethos.9 C.Logos.D.Education.3.Whatdoapoliticianandananimalcharityhaveincommon?A.Bothpreventthemselvesfrombeinghurt.B.Bothsavepeoplefromterriblewars.C.Bothmaketheaudiencesupportthem.D.Bothpersuadepeopletodonatemoney.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ConvincetheAudienceB.ThreeBasicToolsofPersuasionC.BelieveMeD.StrengthofPersuasion【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Persuasionistoconvincesomeonetoagreewithyou,justlikeartwhichalsocallsforspecialtechniquestoaccomplish.”可知，说服是为了建议人们支持你。故选A。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.”和最后一句“Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcatstomaketheviewersfeelpity,sotheywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.”可知，政治家可能会说他会独自一人从可拍的战争中挽救一个国家为了说服观众为他投票，动物慈善机构向观众展示受伤的猫或者狗的图片是为了让观众感到可怜，更可能捐款。因此可知，政治家和慈善机构的共同之处是他们都想让听众支持他们。故选C。4.B【解析】标题判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了说服人的艺术，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及这三种方式在各个领域应用的可能性。因此推断B项“说服的三种基本方式”为最佳标题，概况了文章中心主旨。故选B。9 二、词汇练习1.Youwillhavethebaby_________.Sheisnot_________.Sheisverybrave.(惊吓)2.Don’t________yourfood.Itisnotgoodtohavesomuch_________.(浪费)3.makea__________（决定）Youhaveto__________foryourself.4.Maryalways_________wellwhenvisitorscome.Shehasgood_________.（行为，举止）5.Ilikethe__________oftherushingriver.It_________likemusic.（声音；听起来）6.Please__________therulestothechildrenagain.Itseemedthather___________didn’twork.（解释）7.He_________downandpickeduphiswallet.Heis_________onstudying.（弯腰；一心一意）8.asksome__________aboutmyson（指导，引导）_________bythelocalvillagers,wesucceededinreachingthedestination.9.fightfor_________Heisnot_______today.Thegovernmentshoulddosomethingtomakestudents_________frommuchlearningburden.Alltheseticketsare__________（自由；免费；使…从…摆脱）10.The___________aboutthisisuseless.Theyare___________aboutthiswitheachother.（争吵）11.do________to..be_________to..（伤害）12.Be___________!（耐心）Weshouldhaveenough__________onteachingpupils.13.Becauseofhis___________,thewholeplanfailed.Heisalittle___________（愚蠢）14.gain_____________become______________（独立）9 1.acquirealotof___________be___________（智慧；明智的）2.Shediedof___________.She__________todeatheventually.（饥饿；饿死）3.__________exercisecankeepushealthy.Joggingmaydogoodtous__________.（身体的）4.Wesawthemcomingtowardusinthe_________.Sheisa_________cousinofmine.（疏远的，距离）5.deserve____________________________(praise)6.Wecannottolerate____________________(laugh)atbyothers.7.Forbid_________(smoke)here.Theyareforbidden__________________(smoke)here.8.成年人n9.辛勤的a10.使不高兴v11.不睡觉__________________三、完形填空WhenLisaWelch，fromJimboomba，Queensland，wasstrugglingwithwhattogifthersonforhisupcoming10thbirthday，shewasbeaten.HerlittleboyJorgehasa__1__，who，bornwithCorticolDysplasia，isunabletospeakandhisbrain__2__asan18monthsold.Lisahadnoticedthatduringthedrivetoschooleachweekdaymorning，Jorgealmostjumpedoutofhisseat__3__everytimetheypassedabigtruck.ThiswaswhatgavehertheideatoputapostonthelocalFacebookSellItpage,__4__apersonwithatrucktovisittheirhomeforanhourand__5__takeJorgeforaride.Withinminutes，MelissaWhelan，whosehusbandTomdrivesabigtruck，__6__tobeonlineandcontacted(联系)Lisa,Jorge'sbirthday__7__hadbeenorganized.Butthestorydoesn't__8__there.Theoffersoftrucksandtimekeptpouringin.ItwasatthispointthatGavin，anothertrucker，steppedinand__9__.Afterwards，hesetupa__10__page“JimboombaJorge”__11__everyonecouldkeeppacewithwhatwasunfolding.The__12__ofthebirthdaysurprisespread，andenthusiasmandlocalcommunityspirit__13__.Within5days，Gavinhadorganizedaconvoy(车队)of214trucks,with__14__comingfromacrossthecountry.Hespokewith9 radiostations4BCaboutJorgeandtheconvoy.Channel9Australiawascontactedandtheytoomadearrangementstobe__15__ontheday.Saturdaythe15thDecember__16__brightandsunny，whichturnedoutthebesteverbirthdayforJorge.Thecommunityalso__17__atotalof$1700towardJorge'songoing__18__costsand__19__thebirthdaypresentswasthedonationofatabletPCfromthelocalTelstrashop.LisaisexcitedthatthiscanbeusedtoaidJorgewithhis__20__.1．A.toyB．disabilityC．situationD．habit2．A.treatsB．considersC．functionsD．describes3．A.casuallyB．calmlyC．excitedlyD．violently4．A.askingforB．dependingonC．sendingforD．bringingup5．A.frequentlyB．graduallyC．deliberatelyD．possibly6．A.hesitatedB．happenedC．intendedD．pretended7．A.surpriseB．invitationsC．eveningD．dance8．A.endB．beginC．turnD．mean9．A.pulledoverB．handedoverC．tookoverD．thoughtover10．A.normalB．frequentC．usualD．special11．A.incaseB．evenifC．aslongasD．sothat12．A.timeB．placeC．ruleD．message13．A.grewB．sankC．lostD．fell14．A.doctorsB．drivers9 C．clerksD．patients15．A.offB．outC．awayD．there16．A.showedB．wipedC．dawnedD．varied17．A.raisedB．earnedC．wastedD．spent18．A.generalB．medicalC．livingD．travelling19．A.betweenB．atC．amongD．against20．A.decisionB．communicationC．driveD．relationship【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲Lisa为她患病的儿子准备生日惊喜的故事。在很多人的帮助下，她的儿子Jorge度过了一个完美的生日，同时，Jorge还收到了很多生日礼物以及好心人的捐款。1．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“玩具”；B项意为“缺陷，障碍”；C项意为“情况”；D项意为“习惯”。根据空格后的“who,bornwithCorticolDysplasia,isunabletospeakandhisbrain________asan18monthsold”可判断出，Jorge生来身体上就有缺陷。故选B。2．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“对待”；B项意为“考虑”；C项意为“正常工作，运转”；D项意为“描述”。根据“isunabletospeak”可判断出，Jorge大脑的运转水平大约和18月大的孩子一样。故选C。3．C　考查副词辨析。A项意为“不经意地”；B项意为“镇静地”；C项意为“兴奋地”；D项意为“强烈地”。根据上文中的“jumpedoutofhisseat”可判断出，此处指Jorge每次看到有大卡车经过时都会从座位上兴奋地跳起来。故选C。4．A　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“请求”；B项意为“依赖”；C项意为“派人去请”；D项意为“提出，养育”。根据空格后的“apersonwithatrucktovisittheirhomeforanhour”可判断出，此处指Lisa是想请求一位有卡车的人来她家。故选A。5．D　考查副词辨析。A项意为“频繁地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“故意地”；D项意为“可能，也许”。根据语境可知，Lisa希望如果有可能的话，卡车司机可以载Jorge一程。故选D。6．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“犹豫”；B项意为“发生”；C项意为“打算”；D项意为“假装”。此处指丈夫是卡车司机的MelissaWhelan碰巧在线并联系了Lisa。happento9 do意为“碰巧发生”。故选B。7．A　考查名词辨析。A项意为“惊喜”；B项意为“邀请”；C项意为“晚上”；D项意为“舞蹈”。根据第三段第五句中的“thebirthdaysurprisespread”可知，此处指Lisa做这一切是想给儿子一个生日惊喜。故选A。8．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“结束”；B项意为“开始”；C项意为“转动”；D项意为“意思是”。根据下文内容可知，这个故事并没有到此结束。故选A。9．C　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“靠边停车”；B项意为“移交”；C项意为“接替，接任”；D项意为“仔细考虑”。根据下文中的“hesetupa________page‘JimboombaJorge'”可知，另一位卡车司机介入并接替了这件事情。故选C。10．D　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“正常的”；B项意为“频繁的”；C项意为“通常的”；D项意为“特别的”。根据下文内容可知，这是一张特别的“page”。故选D。11．D　考查连词短语辨析。A项意为“万一，假使”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“以便”。此处指Gavin建立一个写有“JimboombaJorge”的页面以便每个人都能知道这件事情的进展。空格后面的状语从句表示的是结果，能引导结果状语从句的只有sothat。故选D。12．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“时间”；B项意为“地点”；C项意为“规则”；D项意为“消息”。根据语境可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开了。故选D。13．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“增长”；B项意为“下沉”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“落下”。根据下文内容可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开来，热情和当地社区人们的情绪高涨。故选A。14．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“医生”；B项意为“司机”；C项意为“职员”；D项意为“病人”。根据上文中的“Gavinhadorganizedaconvoy(车队)of214trucks”可知，Gavin组织了一个由来自全国各地的司机组成的卡车车队。故选B。15．D　考查副词辨析。句意为：有人联系了澳大利亚的Channel9，他们也做出了安排，那天会在那里(进行报道)。故选D。16．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“擦”；C项意为“天亮，破晓”；D项意为“变化”。根据“brightandsunny”可判断出，天亮之后才能阳光明媚。故选C。17．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“筹集”；B项意为“赚得”；C项意为“浪费”；D项意为“花费”。根据空格后的“atotalof$1700”可知，社区也为Jorge筹集了1700美元。故选A。18．B　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“全体的，普遍的”；B项意为“医疗的”；C项意为“活着的”；D项意为“旅行的”。因为Jorge是一个患病的孩子，根据空格前后的“Jorge'songoing”和“costs”可知，这些钱是用来支付Jorge的医疗费用的。故选B。19．C　考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，Jorge的生日礼物很多，amongthebirthday9 presents表示“在这些礼物当中”，符合语境。故选C。20．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“决定”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“驾车路程”；D项意为“关系”。根据第一段中的“isunabletospeak”和本段中的“atabletPCfromthelocalTelstrashop”可知，当地的Telstra商店送给Jorge一个平板电脑，Lisa认为这对Jorge的交流会有所帮助。故选B。亮点句积累：Theoffersoftrucksandtimekeptpouringin.(第三段第二句)译文：可供使用的卡车和时间段不断涌来。词汇积累：pourv．不断涌向　organizev．组织keeppacewith保持同步，并驾齐驱四、七选五Shortnessofbreathhasmanydifferentcauses，andthetreatmentofitisspecificforeachcause.__1__Thereare,however，somefollowingfirstaidstepsyoucanusetotreatit，atleastuntiltheambulancearrivesoryou'reabletogetthevictimtoahospital.__2__Themoreenergyyouspend，themoreoxygenyouuseandthemoreshortofbreathyoufeel.Thinkaboutagoodworkoutatthegym.Exercisehardenoughandyouwillfeelshortofbreath.Thecure？Takeabreak.Letthevictimsit，standorliewhere'sthemostcomfortable.There'relotsofmythsabouthowsomebodypositionssupposedlyprovidemoreairflow.Coachesregularlytellplayerstoholdtheirarmsabovetheirheadstomaximizechestexpansion.Nursingstaffassumethe“tripodposition”isthebestposition.__3__.Useoxygen.Thisisaspecialcaseusedonlyforpeoplewithchroniclungproblems.Ifthevictimhasoxygenavailable,thisiswhatit'sfor.__4__Thevictimmayhavebeentoldbyhisorherdoctorthattoomuchoxygenfortoolongmightcausemoreproblems.Assurethevictimthatsuddenincreasesinshortnessofbreatharetheinstancesinwhichoxygenisneededmost.Treatthecauseofshortnessofbreath.__5__Asthmapatients，forexample，oftenhavemultipletoolsanddrugstofixsuddenshortnessofbreath.Victimsoflunginfectionsmayneedtoseeadoctorandheartattackvictimsmayneedanambulance.A．Havethevictimrest.B．Takemoreexerciseatthegym.C．Thevictimshouldusehisorheroxygenasdirectedbyadoctor.D．There'remanycausesofshortnessofbreathandmanyofthemare9 treatable.E．Thevictimcantrytoavoidmakinguseofhisorheroxygenwheneverpossible.F．Everypersonisdifferent，however，soletthevictimdecidewhatpositionisthemostcomfortable.G．Inmanycases，theonlywaytotreatshortnessofbreathistocall911ortakethevictimtoadoctor.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。1．G　本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G。2．A　根据本段中的“Thecure？Takeabreak”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A。3．F　根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F。4．C　根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选C。5．D　根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的，故选D。9