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1、BoltedConnectionsAtypicalboltedjoint(asshown)maycontainawasherandgaskettoimprovethebond,anutandaboltbesidesthebasicstructurethatitisconnecting.Theboltassemblymaybepretensionedoritmayonlyresistshear.Therearemanyoptionsinvolvedwithaboltedconnection.Eachoptionhasadvantagesanddisad
2、vantages,andnoneoftheoptionswillberightforeverysituation.GasketBoltNutWasherTomodelthejointcompletely,themodelwouldincludethewasherand/orgasketwhichisprobablyahyperelasticmaterial,thecontactbetweenthenutandthebolt,thenutandthewasher,thewasherandsolidbodyandmayalsoincludefrictio
3、n,thiscouldbedonewithasolidmodel,butwouldrequireaverydetailedmodel,withoutincludingthethreadsinthebolts.1609Elements7341Nodes29ContactPairsMostanalystsdonothavethetimeorhardwaretobuildthistypeofmodel.Inaddition,adetailedmodelwouldprobablyproducemoreinformationthanisnecessary.Wh
4、enmodelingaboltedconnection,thefirstactionshouldbetodeterminewhatinformationisneeded.Somequestionsthatshouldbeconsideredare:•Willtheholesdeform?•Willtheboltsdeform?•Dotheboltscontributetotheoveralldeformationsandstresses?•Willtheboltsfailfirst?•Arethegasket/washerinterfacescrit
5、icaltothebehaviorofthestructure?•Willtheboltresistaxial,shear,and/orbending?Determiningtherequiredinformationwouldthendeterminethetypeofmodelthatcouldbeused.Forinstance,ifjointforcesareneeded,theboltmustbemodeledwithanelementthatcanrecoverforces..Differentelementtypeswillresult
6、indifferentbehaviorofthebolt.Therearelocaleffectsthatcouldbemodeledwithabreakoutmodelorsubmodel.Somelocaleffectsare:•Boltscanpreventtheholefromchangingshape.•Theinteractionoftheholeandtheboltisusuallyalocaleffect.•Asubmodelwouldbeneededtofindboltfailure,ifthefailuremodeisknown.
7、•Thegasketandwashersgenerallycontributetoonlylocalizedeffects.Therearemanymodelingoptions.Noneoftheoptionswillproduceexactlythebehavioroftheconnection.Thedecisionofwhichoptiontochooseisdependentonrequiredresultsandtimeavailabletoproduceresults.Someofthemodelingoptionsinclude:•M
8、ergeNodes•RigidConnection•SpringElement•BeamElement•Co
