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1、雾霾天气-英语介绍背景知识:ThemarketfordustmasksandairpurifiersisboominginBeijingbecausethecapitalhasbeenshroudedforseveraldaysinthickfogandhaze.近几日北京持续被浓重雾霾笼罩,市场上防尘口罩和空气净化器的销量剧增。雾(fog)和霾(haze)是这两天我们经常听到的两个词,二者的区别为:雾的相对湿度(therelativehumidity)一般在90%以上,而霾在80%以下,但通常两者并
2、存。能见度(visibility)在1公里以下的称为雾,1公里以上但小于10公里的属于灰霾(dusthaze)现象。近两日,部分地区的空气质量指数(airqualityindex,AQI)可能达到极重污染,北京多地PM2.5浓度“爆表”。PM2.5就是指“可入肺颗粒物”,PM的英文全称为particulatematter(微粒物、悬浮微粒),PM2.5就是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物,可直接进入人体的alveoliofthelungs(肺泡),它的直径还不到人头发丝粗细的1/20。PM2.
3、5主要来自burningoffossilfuelsinvehicles(机动车燃油),powerplants(发电厂)以及variousindustrialprocesses(各类工业生产)。相关报道:1、Pollutionmaymakeeconomystumble污染可能绊住经济发展的步伐Construction,tourism'willbehitbyhazeandmeasurestotackleit'Asanumberofcitiestrytocleartheair,specialistsinBe
4、ijingwarnthatthepollutionandemergencyresponsestoreduceitcoulddamagetheeconomyandtourism.AuthoritiesinthecapitalsaidonMondaytheyhadordered58factorieswithhighemissionstosuspendoperations.Workatconstructionsitesthatcouldcausedust,suchaslevelingland,wereals
5、ohalted.ThemovefollowedsimilaractioninShijiazhuang,inneighboringHebeiprovince,whereauthoritiesstoppedworkatmorethan700constructionsites.HeavyfogenvelopsNanchangcityinJiangxiprovinceonJan14,2013.[Photo/Xinhua]Bothcitieshaveadvisedyoungchildrenandtheelder
6、lytostayindoors.Thecapitalhasorderedkindergartens,primaryandmiddleschoolstoscrapphysicaleducationclassesuntilairqualityimproves."Pollutionfromthe58factorieshasbeencut,andwebelievewecanreducetheiremissionsby30percent,"LiHong,deputydirectorofBeijing'sEcon
7、omyandInformationTechnologyCommission,saidatanewsconferenceheldjointlybyseveraldepartmentsonMonday.Thefactoriesorderedtohaltoperationsincludetwocementplants,andothersinvolvedinchemicals,metallurgyandbuildingmaterials,hesaid.Upto30percentofgovernmentvehi
8、cleshavealsobeenbannedfromthecapital'sroadsonheavilypolluteddays,accordingtoaspokesmanfortheBeijingTrafficManagementBureau.Driversfoundguiltyofbreakingtherulesfacepenalties,butthespokesmandidnotelaborate.Airqualitydroppeddramatic