资源描述：
《专题二 定语从句》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、专题二定语从句一、基础知识1．定义：（1）定语从句：也称为形容词性从句，它在句子中修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用。（2）先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词，在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。2．分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限定性非限定性和先行词关系密切与先行词关系不密切（删掉后影响整个意义（是一种补充说明，删掉后不和表达）响整个意思的表达）不用逗号分开一般使用逗号分开可用关系代词that不可用关系代that关系代词可以
2、省略（that,who,which关系代词不可以省略在从句中担任宾语时可以省略）只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰整个主句或主句的一部分，修饰主句或主句的一部分此时定有逗号分开,只能由 which或as引导二、做题步骤1．通过翻译及划分成分确定从句的类型lThisisourmonitor,withoutwhom,wecouldn’twinthegame.lThefactthathehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.lThisisthefactthat/which/×youmustknow
3、clearly.2.找准先行词：定语从句所修饰的，且可还原至句中的名词或代词。lIworkinthefactoryinwhichmyfatherusedtowork.lAftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,______urgentlyneededcleanwatertosurvive.A.whichB.wholEllenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,______,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhuma
4、nsociety.A.whichB.whoC.whom3.看先行词指的是什么，将先行词还原至从句中，看在从句中所充当的成分关系词词形先行词充当从句的关系代词who人主,宾whom人宾which物主,宾that人或物主,宾,表as人或物主,宾,表whose(=ofwhom或ofwhich)人或物定关系副词when(=in,on,at,during等+which)时间词状where(=in,at,from等+which)地点词状why(=for+which)reason,excuse,状explanation等状三、考点1.
5、关于which和that(1)用that的情况1)先行词是something,anything,nothing,everything时，是指物的all,little,few,much,none时e.g.Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不都是金子。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Thereisnothingthatistoodifficultforme.Aslongasyoustanduptothedifficulties,therearenonethatcannot
6、beovercome.2)先行词被any,only,all,every,no,some,much,few,little所修饰时e.g.Tellusallthingsthatyouknow.Theonlythingthatweshoulddoistofindourwayhome.Thereisnodifficultythatwecan'tovercome.3)先行次被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时e.g.Thefirstbookthathewroteisaboutnature.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhav
7、eeverseen.4)先行词被the+very(only,last)等表示唯一概念的形容词修饰时e.g.TheveryproblemthatIwanttosolveislikethis.5)先行词既有人，又有物的时候e.g.Thepeopleandmannersthatoneseesthereseemtobequitedifferentfromthoseofanyothercountry.6)当主句以特殊疑问词which开头，或是先行词为what等词时e.g.Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtf
8、orme?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome.WhothatmetPremierZhouwasnotimpressedbyhismanners?7)先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语时e.g.Thevillageisnolongertheonethatwasfiveyearsago
