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1、三级考试语法综合要点contents倒装句主谓一致现在分词和过去分词动名词情态动词的特殊用法定语从句同位语从句现在完成时★★★☆☆structure:have/has+v.p.p.时间状语：ago,yesterday,lastmonth,since,sofar,uptonow,untilnow,for/in/over/duringthepastfewyears.Hehadhardlyfinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencestartedcheering.他的演讲一结束观众们就开始振奋起来。=Hardlyhadhefinish
2、edhisspeechwhentheaudiencestartedcheering.(常考于倒装用法）将来完成时★★★★☆structure:shall/willhave+v.p.pby/bythetime/bytheendof/before/until+将来时间Thestudentswillhavefinishedtheirpapersbytheendofthismonth.直到这个月底，学生们将完成他们的论文。现在完成时★★★☆☆structure:have/has+v.p.p.时间状语：ago,yesterday,lastmonth,sinc
3、e,sofar,uptonow,untilnow,for/in/over/duringthepastfewyears.Ihaveseenthefilmseveralyearsago.现在完成进行时★★☆☆☆谈论动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在,并且有可能持续下去have/hasbeen+doingsth+since/for+过去的时间点Sheplayedtabletennisfor19years.(动作不能延续只能用现在完成时结构）I’vebeenskatingforfivehours.（动作可以延续下去可用现在完成进行时结构）虚拟语气的用法★
4、★★★★1.If–clause非真实条件句★★★★★事实相反If-条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反动词过去式be—werewould/should/could/might+动词原形had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词动词过去式were+不定式should+动词原形would（should）+动词原形1.IfI______(know)heraddress,Iwouldwritetoher.2.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyou__________(miss)th
5、etrain?3.Ifhe___________(notbeill),hewouldhavedonesomething.4.Ifit________________________(snow)tomorrow,we____________(getup)early.5.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingallright.6.Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,he_____________(make)greaterprogress.Practices:hadmissedhadnotbee
6、nillwereto/shouldsnow/snowedshouldgetupwouldbeknewwouldhavemadee.g.1.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpus.Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.Hadyoucomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.Attention:When“if”wasomitted,theordershouldbeinverted.如果从句
7、中有were,should,had等词,可省略if。were，should,had放句首进行倒装。2.时间错综复杂句★☆☆☆☆主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。e.g.1.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedthefilmlastnight.(从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反.)3.暗含条件句★★★★☆b
8、utfor,but, but that…,（要不是）,without（如果没有）,otherwise（要不然）,or（要不
