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1、JournalofHydrology284(2003)13–25www.elsevier.com/locate/jhydrolAnalysisofpercolationandseepagethroughpaddybundsHan-ChenHuanga,Chen-WuingLiua,*,Shih-KaiChenb,Jui-ShengChencaDepartmentofBioenvironmentalSystemsEngineering,NationalTaiwanUniversity,Taipei106,Taiwan,ROCbChi-Sh
2、engWaterManagementResearchandDevelopmentFoundation,Taipei106,Taiwan,ROCcDepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineeringandSanitation,Foo-YinUniversity,Kaohsiung831,Taiwan,ROCReceived22October2002;revised19May2003;accepted27May2003AbstractThisstudyinvestigatespercolationandseepageth
3、roughthebundsofflatandterracedpaddies.FieldexperimentswereconductedinHsin-PuofHsin-ChuCounty,Taiwan,tomeasurethesoilwatercontentofvarioustypesofbund.Measurementsrevealedthatthesoilwasunsaturatedalongtheslopedsurfaceoftheterrace.Experimentalresultsalsoindicatedthatseepagef
4、aceflowdidnotdevelopevenafter2daysofheavyrainfall.Athree-dimensionalmodel,FEMWATER,wasadoptedtosimulatepercolationandlateralseepageundervariousbundconditions.Inaflatpaddy,therateofpercolationof21bundsunderwhichaplowsolewaslocated,was0.40cmd,closetotheaverageinfiltrationrate
5、ofafloodedpaddy.21Thepercolationofthebundwithoutplowsolewas0.85cmd,ordoubletheaverageinfiltrationrateofafloodedpaddy.Infiltrationinthecentralareaofaterracedpaddyismainlyverticallydownward,whereasflownearthebundispredominantly21lateral.Thepaddyfieldnearthebundhasahighhydraulicg
6、radient.Thesimulatedinfiltrationfluxintothebund(1.47cmd)21after85daysofricecultivationexceededthatintothecentralarea(0.54cmd)byafactorof2.72.Thefinalpercolationflux2121fromthebund(1.24cmd)alsoexceededthefinalpercolationfromtheplowsole(0.68cmd)byafactorof1.82.Thelateral21seepa
7、gefluxesthroughthebund,downwardandupwardalongtheslopesurface,are2.01and22.12cmd,respectively.However,thelateralseepagefluxdoesnotfullysaturatethesurfaceofthehillsidesoil.Asimulationclearlyshowsthattheseepageupstreamofthepaddyfielddoesnotmovewaterdownstreamandisreusedassubsu
8、rfacereturnflow.Bothexperimentalandsimulationresultsclarifythemechanismsofwatermovementintheterracedpadd
