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1、ENCYCLOPEDIAOFDATAWAREHOUSINGANDMININGDataMiningTechnologiesandDecisionSupportSystemsforBusinessandScientificApplicationsAuroopRGanguly*andAmarGupta***InformationTechnologies&QuantitativeMethodsCivil&EnvironmentalEngineeringUniversityofSouthFlorida,Tampa,FL33613Ema
2、il:auroop@alum.mit.edu**MITSloanSchoolofManagementMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyCambridge,MA02139Email:agupta@mit.eduANALYTICALINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGIESInformationbyitselfisnolongerperceivedasanasset.Billionsofbusinesstransactionsarerecordedinenterprisescaledataw
3、arehouseseveryday.Theacquisition,storageandmanagementofbusinessinformationarecommonplaceandoftenautomated.Recentadvancesin(remoteorother)sensortechnologieshaveledtothedevelopmentofscientificdatarepositories.Databasetechnologies,rangingfromrelationalsystems,toextens
4、ionslikespatial,temporal,timeseries,textormedia,aswellasspecializedtoolslikegeographicalinformationsystems(GIS)oron-lineanalyticalprocessing(OLAP),havetransformedthedesignofenterprise-scalebusinessorlargescientificapplications.Thequestionincreasinglyfacedbythescien
5、tificorbusinessdecision-maker,isnothowonecangetmoreinformationordesignbetterinformationsystems,butwhattomakeoftheinformationandsystemsalreadyinplace.Thechallengeistobeabletoutilizetheavailableinformation,togainabetterunderstandingofthepast,andpredictorinfluencethef
6、uturethroughbetterdecision-making.Researchersindataminingtechnologies(DMT)anddecisionsupportsystems(DSS)arerespondingtothischallenge.Broadlydefined,datamining(DM)reliesonscalablestatistics,artificialintelligence,machinelearningorknowledgediscoveryindatabases(KDD).D
7、SSutilizeavailableinformationandDMTtoprovideadecision-makingtoolusuallyrelyingonhuman-computerinteraction.Together,DMTandDSSrepresentthespectrumofanalyticalinformationtechnologies(AIT),andprovideaunifyingplatformforanoptimalcombinationofdatadictatedandhumandrivenan
8、alytics.Tables1and2describethestateoftheartindataminingtechnologies(or,DMT)anddecisionsupportsystems(DSS)forscienceandbusiness,andexamplesoftheir
